Immune and genomic characterization of Ibizan hound and its relationship with Leishmania infantum infection

Abstract

Ibizan hound is a canine breed native to the Mediterranean region, where leishmaniosis is an endemic zoonosis. Several studies indicate low prevalence of this disease in these dogs. In this study, descriptive immunological and genomic profiles of this breed have been elaborated. Results show relevant differences between the cytokine serum profile and the data published for other canine breeds, and several genetic fixed variants in genes related to immune response, regulation of immune system, and genes encode cytokines and its receptors in dog population studied. The most relevant genes that present such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R. Other variants with frequencies equal or above 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, CD180. Epigenetic regulatory genes as HEY2, L3MBTL3 show also intronic polymorphisms. Results pointed out that the regulation of immune response is different in the Ibizan hound dogs compared to other breeds. Future studies are needed to elucidate detected differences and their relationship to low prevalence of L. infantum infection in the breed.

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“…Other variants with frequencies equal or above 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, CD180 [34]. Epigenetic regulatory genes as HEY2, L3MBTL3 show also intronic polymorphisms [34]. Future studies will reinforce why the regulation of immune response is different in the Ibizan hound dogs compared to other breeds [34].…”

“…Results of recent research show relevant differences between the cytokine serum profile and the data published for other canine breeds, and several genetic fixed variants in genes related to immune response, regulation of immune system, and genes encode cytokines and its receptors [34]. The most relevant genes that present such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R [34]. Other variants with frequencies equal or above 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, CD180 [34].…”

“…Thus, the Ibizan Hounds may be an interesting canine model for the investigation of protective anti-Leishmania immune response [33]. Results of recent research show relevant differences between the cytokine serum profile and the data published for other canine breeds, and several genetic fixed variants in genes related to immune response, regulation of immune system, and genes encode cytokines and its receptors [34]. The most relevant genes that present such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R [34].…”

“…The most relevant genes that present such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R [34]. Other variants with frequencies equal or above 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, CD180 [34]. Epigenetic regulatory genes as HEY2, L3MBTL3 show also intronic polymorphisms [34].…”

“…Epigenetic regulatory genes as HEY2, L3MBTL3 show also intronic polymorphisms [34]. Future studies will reinforce why the regulation of immune response is different in the Ibizan hound dogs compared to other breeds [34]. By other side, some dogs develop severe and generalized nodular dermatitis, lymphadenitis granulomatous, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, exhibiting activation of polyclonal (occasionally monoclonal) B lymphocytes involving all four classes of IgG, as well as hypergammaglobulinemia, and develop lesions associated with hypersensitivity types II and III [31].…”