“…However, there is still an ummet need to elucidate the physico-chemical properties of the nanomicellar CZNP that should ascertain its in vivo effectiveness on a broad spectrum of existing MDRs. While the effectiveness of micellar CZNPs has been previously been evidenced on a broad spectrum of some MDR pathogens (Limayem et al, 2016), some studies have confirmed the versatility of non-nanomicellar chitosanzinc oxide formulations to cope as different nanotherapies (Al-Naamani et al, 2016Al-Dhabaan et al, 2017;Baghaie et al, 2017;Chatterjee et al, 2017;Revathi and Thambidurai, 2018;Sathiya et al, 2018). This study herein will focus on the optimization of CZNPs nanotherapeutics in terms of physicochemical properties for nosocomial MDR biofilms, including elucidation of biofilm protection mechanisms such as EPS, which impact human and animal host cells in addition to agricultural systems and medical devices.…”
The nosocomial multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR), are rapidly circulating from water surfaces to humans away from the clinical setting, forming a cyclical breeding ground of resistance, causing worldwide infections, and thus requiring urgent responses. The combination of chitosan and zinc oxide (CZNPs), with proven bactericidal effects on some MDRs, was further studied to set the stage for a broad-spectrum in vivo utilization of CZNPs. Toward ensuring CZNPs' uniformity and potency, when it faces not only biofilms but also their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) defense mechanism, the size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined through dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, the efficacy of CZNPs was tested on the inhibition of MDR Gram-negative Escherichia coli BAA-2471 and Gram-positive Enterococcus faecium 1449 models, co-cultured in an Alvatex 3D fiber platform as a biofilm-like structure. The Biotek Synergy Neo2 fluorescent microplate reader was used to detect biofilm shrinkage. The biofilm protection mechanism was elucidated through detection of EPS using 3D confocal and transmission electronic microscopy. Results indicated that 200 μl/mL of CZNPs, made with 50 nm ZnO and 10,000 Da chitosan (N = 369.1 nm; PDI = 0.371; zeta potential = 22.8 mV), was the most promising nanocomposite for MDR biofilm reduction, when compared to CZNPs enclosing ZnO, 18 or 100 nm. This study depicts that CZNPs possess enough potency and versatility to face biofilms' defense mechanism in vivo.
“…However, there is still an ummet need to elucidate the physico-chemical properties of the nanomicellar CZNP that should ascertain its in vivo effectiveness on a broad spectrum of existing MDRs. While the effectiveness of micellar CZNPs has been previously been evidenced on a broad spectrum of some MDR pathogens (Limayem et al, 2016), some studies have confirmed the versatility of non-nanomicellar chitosanzinc oxide formulations to cope as different nanotherapies (Al-Naamani et al, 2016Al-Dhabaan et al, 2017;Baghaie et al, 2017;Chatterjee et al, 2017;Revathi and Thambidurai, 2018;Sathiya et al, 2018). This study herein will focus on the optimization of CZNPs nanotherapeutics in terms of physicochemical properties for nosocomial MDR biofilms, including elucidation of biofilm protection mechanisms such as EPS, which impact human and animal host cells in addition to agricultural systems and medical devices.…”
The nosocomial multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR), are rapidly circulating from water surfaces to humans away from the clinical setting, forming a cyclical breeding ground of resistance, causing worldwide infections, and thus requiring urgent responses. The combination of chitosan and zinc oxide (CZNPs), with proven bactericidal effects on some MDRs, was further studied to set the stage for a broad-spectrum in vivo utilization of CZNPs. Toward ensuring CZNPs' uniformity and potency, when it faces not only biofilms but also their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) defense mechanism, the size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined through dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, the efficacy of CZNPs was tested on the inhibition of MDR Gram-negative Escherichia coli BAA-2471 and Gram-positive Enterococcus faecium 1449 models, co-cultured in an Alvatex 3D fiber platform as a biofilm-like structure. The Biotek Synergy Neo2 fluorescent microplate reader was used to detect biofilm shrinkage. The biofilm protection mechanism was elucidated through detection of EPS using 3D confocal and transmission electronic microscopy. Results indicated that 200 μl/mL of CZNPs, made with 50 nm ZnO and 10,000 Da chitosan (N = 369.1 nm; PDI = 0.371; zeta potential = 22.8 mV), was the most promising nanocomposite for MDR biofilm reduction, when compared to CZNPs enclosing ZnO, 18 or 100 nm. This study depicts that CZNPs possess enough potency and versatility to face biofilms' defense mechanism in vivo.
“…The two strong sharp peaks at 574 cm À 1 and 419 cm À 1 are due to stretching and torsional vibration modes of ZnO metal oxide bond. [32,33] The O-Cmc/ZnO (Figure 1.c) displays a sharp peak at 420 cm À 1 that confirms the existence of ZnO. In addition, it also shows all the characteristic peaks of O-Cmc with a minor shift in the absorption of OH, CÀ H and COO À vibrations at 3309 cm À 1 , 2920 cm À 1 and 1585 cm À 1 which evidences the hydrogen bond formation between O-Cmc and ZnO.…”
Section: Ftir Analysismentioning
confidence: 85%
“…The broad peaks at 3434 cm −1 are due to OH‐ stretching of physically adsorbed water on the surface of ZnO (Figure , b). The two strong sharp peaks at 574 cm −1 and 419 cm −1 are due to stretching and torsional vibration modes of ZnO metal oxide bond . The O‐Cmc/ZnO (Figure .c) displays a sharp peak at 420 cm −1 that confirms the existence of ZnO.…”
A biopolymer based nanocomposite with O‐Carboxymethyl chitosan (O‐Cmc), nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and Lawsone (Ln) with proving advantages in antibacterial wound healing application was prepared. The physiochemical characteristics of the nanocomposite (NCs) was analysed by Fourier Transmission Infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The biological properties such as anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant activities were investigated in vitro. The nanocomposite also possesses efficient drug encapsulation and releasing profile with greater stability in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and Dulbecco's minimal essential medium (DMEM). The results of the antibacterial studies show its enhanced bactericidal nature. The results obtained from MTT assay, Ethidium bromide stained fluorescence image and in vitro wound scratch assay show greater cell viability with the closure of scratch wound obviously proves it′s prominent biocompatible, wound closure nature. These biological properties show that the prepared nanocomposite has a greater potential to act as an excellent biomaterial in the field of wound care applications.
This study investigates the creation and analysis of chitosan-zinc oxide (CS-ZnO) nanocomposites, exploring their effectiveness in inhibiting bacteria. Two synthesis approaches, physical and chemical, were utilized. The CS-ZnO nanocomposites demonstrated strong antibacterial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium. Chemically synthesized nanocomposites (CZ10 and CZ100) exhibited larger inhibition zones (16.4 mm and 18.7 mm) compared to physically prepared CS-Z5 and CS-Z20 (12.2 mm and 13.8 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, CZ nanocomposites displayed enhanced thermal stability, with decomposition temperatures of 281°C and 290°C, surpassing CS-Z5 and CS-Z20 (260°C and 258°C). The residual mass percentages at 800°C were significantly higher for CZ10 and CZ100 (58% and 61%) than for CS-Z5 and CS-Z20 (36% and 34%). UV–Visible spectroscopy revealed reduced band gaps in the CS-ZnO nanocomposites, indicating improved light absorption. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed uniform dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles within the chitosan matrix. In conclusion, this research underscores the impressive antimicrobial potential of CS-ZnO nanocomposites, especially against Gram-positive bacteria, and highlights their enhanced thermal stability. These findings hold promise for diverse applications in industries such as medicine, pharmaceuticals, and materials science, contributing to the development of sustainable materials with robust antimicrobial properties.
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