Immigrant underemployment across US metropolitan areas: From a spatial perspective

Lysenko, Tetiana

doi:10.1177/0042098013506043

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Self-reported sociodemographic characteristics included age, sex (male, female), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, Mexican American, other Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, other race), household income (< $25 000, $25 000–$45 000, >$45 000–$75 000, >$75 000), education level (some high school or less, high school graduate, some college, college graduate or above), work status (currently working or not) and occupational PA as control variables. These covariates were selected because they were hypothesised to be associated with both the exposure and outcome 7 9 28 and available within the NHANES dataset.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations in physical activity and sedentary behaviour among the immigrant and non-immigrant US population

Kim

Cao

Grabovac

et al. 2020

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundImmigrants are at a higher risk of poor mental and physical health. Regular participation in physical activity (PA) and low levels of sedentary time are beneficial for both these aspects of health. The aim was to investigate levels and trends in domain-specific PA and sedentary behaviour in the US. immigrant compared with non-immigrant populations.MethodsFrom the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a total of 25 142 adults (≥18 years) were included in this analysis. PA and sedentary behaviour time were assessed by a questionnaire.ResultsTransit-related PA showed downward linear trends in young immigrant adults (ptrend=0.006) and middle-aged non-immigrant adults (ptrend=0.009). We found significant upward linear trends in sedentary behaviour for both immigrants and non-immigrants across all age groups. For sitting watching TV or videos ≥2 hours/day, there was a downward linear trend in young immigrant adults (ptrend=0.009). For computer use ≥1 hours/day, an upward linear trend in older non-immigrants was found (ptrend=0.024). Young immigrants spent 37.5 (95% CI −55.4 to −19.6) min less than non-immigrants on recreational PA per week. Also, older immigrants spent 23.5 (95% CI 1.5 to 45.6) and 22.5 (95% CI 5.9 to 39.0) min/week more than non-immigrants on recreational PA and transit-related PA, respectively. Last, young and middle-aged immigrants spent 37.6 (95% CI −68.2 to −7.0) and 37.6 (95% CI −99.7 to −9.7) min/day less than non-immigrants on sedentary behaviour, respectively.ConclusionOverall, levels of recreational PA were stable, yet the transit-related PA declined coupled with an increase in sedentary behaviour. US. immigrants exhibit higher levels of transit-PA, lower levels of leisure-time PA and lower levels of sedentary behaviour, in some age groups.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of immigrants tend to have a lower socioeconomic status (SES). This is likely owing to underemployment, 7 discrimination 8 and financial and social barriers. 9 Importantly, lower SES is associated with poorer health, greater morbidity and a higher risk of mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations in physical activity and sedentary behaviour among the immigrant and non-immigrant US population

Kim

Cao

Grabovac

et al. 2020

J Epidemiol Community Health

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“…Neoclassical economic theory (Becker 1964) has often been drawn upon to underpin the empirical study of migrant labour market progress. Within this perspective, the role of human capital, in the form of the education and job-specific skills migrants are thought to have, or accumulate over time, is key as it is expected to improve employment prospects and potential earnings (Wang and Lysenko 2014). As newly arrived immigrants often possess qualifications obtained in their origin country that are not directly transferable or are less valued, they may face an initial disadvantage in the labour market due to a deficit of suitable human capital (Berthoud 2000).…”

Section: Introduction and Previous Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Galster highlights, in the category of 'social-interactive mechanisms', how social networks transmit knowledge and other resources (2012,25; see also Peters, Finney, and Kapadia 2019) or how peer effects may influence the rate of human capital accumulation (see also Arnott and Rowse 1987). Empirically, geographers have highlighted the role of place-specific characteristics such as the size of the ethnic minority population, levels of socio-economic deprivation and the local employment structure in determining individual labour market outcomes (Wang 2008(Wang , 2009Simpson et al 2009;Wang and Lysenko 2014;Feng, Flowerdew, and Feng 2015). In economics, Van der Klaauw andvan Ours 2003 andDamm (2014) investigate the relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and labour market outcomes in Europe.…”

Section: Introduction and Previous Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Local deprivation and the labour market integration of new migrants to England

Clark

Garratt

et al. 2018

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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Using data on new migrants to England from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey, we show how a key component of migrant integration -labour market progress in terms of wages and unemployment ratesis broadly positive in the early years after arrival across a range of migrant groups and across gender. However, the precise level of labour market success achieved varies considerably across groups reflecting both the initial entry-level and labour market trajectories after migration. Migrants from Western Europe and the Old Commonwealth countries have unemployment rates (wages) which are generally lower (higher) than other groups, particularly non-white groups, while migrants from the Accession countries experience relatively low unemployment but also low wages. Groups which have better outcomes on entry also tend to experience higher rates of progress over time in England. However, the extent of multiple deprivation in the local authority where migrants reside interacts with years since migration to dampen wage trajectories for some groups and accounting for deprivation highlights the importance of internal migration for access to employment. The results emphasise structural explanations for patterns of labour market integration of new migrants to England.

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“…They found a ‘neighbourhood ethnic penalty’: the local variation in unemployment was not explained by the characteristics of individuals but also had to do with local conditions. The idea of neighbourhood effects in explaining the differential outcomes of minority ethnic groups has been explored by others such as Wang and Lysenko (2014) who found neighbourhood factors to influence minority underemployment in the USA, and Feng et al (2015), who found that neighbourhood deprivation accounted for some (though not all) ethnic minority disadvantage in the labour market in the UK.…”

Section: Introduction: Spatial and Ethnic Inequalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-spatial factors associated with ethnic inequalities in districts of England and Wales, 2001–2011

Lymperopoulou

Finney

2016

Urban Studies

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This paper explores the changing geography of ethnic inequality in England and Wales drawing on data from the 2001 and 2011 censuses. Specifically, we use the 2011 Office for National Statistics (ONS) area classification to examine how ethnic inequalities within local areas with different demographic and socio-economic characteristics have changed over time. Local ethnic inequalities are examined through a set of indicators which capture differences in housing, health, employment and education between ethnic minority groups and the White British in local authority districts in England and Wales. The results suggest that ethnic inequalities are widespread and persistent, and highlight the different ways in which inequalities manifest for particular ethnic groups in different localities. Ethnic inequality in housing and employment is severe for most ethnic minority groups, particularly in large urban areas that have been traditional settlement areas for ethnic minorities. However, inequalities increased most over the decade 2001-2011 in rural and coastal areas that have low ethnic diversity levels and small ethnic minority populations. The paper considers these findings in relation to theories of service provision and racism, ethnic density, and immigrant adaptation.

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Immigrant underemployment across US metropolitan areas: From a spatial perspective

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Associations in physical activity and sedentary behaviour among the immigrant and non-immigrant US population

Associations in physical activity and sedentary behaviour among the immigrant and non-immigrant US population

Local deprivation and the labour market integration of new migrants to England

Socio-spatial factors associated with ethnic inequalities in districts of England and Wales, 2001–2011

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