“…Researchers have operationalized aggressive behavior in a number of ways, including measuring the intensity of electric shocks administered to another individual (e.g., Bailey & Taylor, 1991;Bushman, 1995;Buss, 1963Buss, , 1966Giancola & Zeichner, 1995a, 1995bTaylor, 1967), pushing and hitting (e.g., Josephson, 1988), monetary or point penalties (e.g., Bjork, Dougherty, Moeller, & Swann, 2000;Check & Dyck, 1986;Netter et al, 1998;Strube, Turner, Cerro, Stevens, & Hinchey, 1984), verbal attack (e.g., Langerspetz & Engblom, 1979), and negative evaluations (e.g., Leibowitz, 1968;Rothaus & Worchel, 1960;Shemberg, Leventhal, & Allman, 1968;Wingrove & Bond, 1998).…”