Immediate assisted solar direct contact membrane distillation in saline water desalination

Membrane distillation is a thermally driven membrane process for seawater desalination and purification at moderate temperatures and pressures. A hydrophobic micro-porous membrane is used in this process, which separates hot and cold water, allowing water vapor to pass through; while restricting the movement of liquid water, due to its hydrophobic nature. This paper provides an experimental investigation of heat and mass transfer in tubular membrane module for water desalination. Different operating parameters have been examined to determine the mass transport mechanism of water vapor. Based on the experimental results, the effects of operating parameters on permeate flux and the heat transfer analysis have been presented and discussed in details.

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“…These numbers can be calculated directly from the data available for aqueous NaCl solutions and water, using (5) [11][12][13]:…”

Section: Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Heat and Mass Transfer in Tubular Membrane Distillation Module for Desalination

Alanezi

Sharif

Sanduk

et al. 2012

ISRN Chemical Engineering

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“…Therefore, solar distillation seems to be a promising method and an alternative method for providing safe drinking water. Solar distillation is a highly promising and environment friendly technology [2,8,[13][14][15]. A solar still operates on the same principle as that of rain formation: water from the ocean evaporates, then cools, condenses, and returns to earth as rainwater [2,6,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and determination of the efficiency of a slanting-type solar water distillation kit

Ozuomba¹,

Agomuo²,

Ozuomba³

et al. 2017

Nig. J. Tech.

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The solar water distillation system is a non-toxic and promising device for water purification. A slanting-type solar water distillation kit was fabricated and tested outdoor under the meteorological conditions of Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria. The system consists of four major components; a wooden basin of surface area 0.16 m 2 , an absorber surface, a slanting glass roof and a condensate channel. Locally available materials were used to fabricate the solar still. The solar still produced an average of 0.09 m 3 of distilled water per day, and this study was performed in the month of November, 2015. Daily efficiencies of the distillation kit were estimated and the average efficiency of the kit was found to be 7.7%. Though the efficiency is small as is peculiar to many solar systems, the output can be increased by increasing some parameters like the surface area, slanting angle of the roof, and the evaporation rate. Also, since the materials are readily available, one can fabricate as many solar distillation kits as possible to tackle the daily demand of potable water. Solar distillation kits can also serve as sources of distilled water for our hospitals and industries.

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“…The Temperature/concentration polarization is also considered a technical challenge which affecting the fluxes of the MD process [2,[5][6][7][8]. From the process level prospective, increasing feed temperature would increase the mass flux however scale formation and deposit on the membrane surface would restrict the MD performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation of Corrugated Feed Channel of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

Mabrouk¹,

Elhenawy²,

Moustafa³

2016

J Membra Sci Technol

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Membrane distillation is a hybrid process in which the separation process is based on both thermal potential and membrane characteristics. However, some technical challenges such as thermal boundary layer builds up (temperature polarization) resulted in low mass flux. In this study, the direct contact membrane distillation is equipped with corrugated feed channel to create fluid mix for mass flux improvement. A lab scale flat sheet membrane distillation is assembled with corrugated feed channel to suppress the thermal boundary layer in the vicinity of the membrane wall. The flat sheet PTFE-membrane of a pore size of 0.45 μm and porosity 65% is considered in the present study. The effect of feed channel gap height has been investigated at different values of flow rate, feed temperature, and feed salinity.The experiments showed that the corrugated feed channel has a dominant effect of improving of the mass flux and the thermal efficiency rather than gap height and operating conditions. The experimental results showed the water flux and thermal efficiency of the corrugated feed channel module is 44% and 33% higher than the original module respectively. NomenclatureA: Membrane area, m 2 Cp: Specific heat capacity of fluid (J kg −1 K −1 ) LHv: Latent heat of vaporization of water (J kg −1 ) Nm: Water flux (kg m −2 s −1 ) EE: Energy efficiency (%) T: Temperature (°C) m: Mass flow rate ( kg/sec.)

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Immediate assisted solar direct contact membrane distillation in saline water desalination

Cited by 96 publications

References 28 publications

Experimental Investigation of Heat and Mass Transfer in Tubular Membrane Distillation Module for Desalination

Experimental Investigation of Heat and Mass Transfer in Tubular Membrane Distillation Module for Desalination

Design and determination of the efficiency of a slanting-type solar water distillation kit

Experimental Evaluation of Corrugated Feed Channel of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

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