Imaging of Cosmetic Facial Implants and Grafts

Abstract

SUMMARY:A wide variety of implants and grafts have been used for cosmetic facial surgery, including forehead, nose, cheek, lip, and chin augmentation. Some of the implant materials include silicone, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex), hydroxylapatite, and porous polyethylene (Medpor). Grafts include bone and cartilage, which can be prepared as "Turkish Delight" for rhinoplasty. Imaged facial implants and grafts can be encountered incidentally or purposely to evaluate complications. Many of these materials have distinct radiologic imaging features and should not be misinterpreted as pathology. Conversely, implant complications should be appropriately recognized by using a focused imaging approach. The purpose of this article was to review the different types of cosmetic facial implants and grafts with an emphasis on their expected and complicated radiologic imaging appearances.

Remoção de implante de silicone em região mentual: relato de caso

“…Padrões culturais e de gênero associam o mento mais protruído a caracterís-ticas de personalidade como força e confiança, enquanto um posicionamento retruso é associado à fragilidade (AYNEHCHI et al, 2012). Visando a mudança do perfil do mento o primeiro implante facial de silicone foi instalado no ano de 1953 (GOLDSMITH; HOROWITZ; ORENTLICHER, 2012), e desde então vem sendo amplamente empregado em mentoplastias, rinoplastias, cirurgias para projeção malar e frontal (SCHATZ; GINAT, 2012). A composição molecular do silicone lhe confere alta resistência à degradação com flexibilidade satisfatória, excelente biocompatibilidade e mínima toxicidade (GOLDSMITH; HOROWITZ; ORENTLICHER, 2012).…”

Imaging Features of Rhinoplasty

“…20 On the other hand, high-attenuation porous polyethylene is hypoattenuating with attenuation intermediate between soft tissue and fat, and it has intermediate signal on T1 and T2 MR imaging sequences. 20 The material can appear to enhance due to fibrovascular in-growth.…”

“…19 On CT, cartilage appears as soft-tissue attenuation, though calcification or ossification may form, rendering the graft hyperattenuated. 20 The cortex of bone grafts is hyperattenuated on CT, though the size and attenuation can diminish with time with resorption of the graft. 20 Bone grafts may contain marrow elements, which have softtissue attenuation on CT and can display fat signal characteristics on MR imaging.…”

“…20 The cortex of bone grafts is hyperattenuated on CT, though the size and attenuation can diminish with time with resorption of the graft. 20 Bone grafts may contain marrow elements, which have softtissue attenuation on CT and can display fat signal characteristics on MR imaging. 20 Alloplastic implants used in facial cosmetic surgery include silicone (Silastic; Dow Corning, Auburn, Michigan), polyamide mesh (Supramid; S. Jackson, Alexandria, Virginia), polyethylene tetraphthalate mesh (Mersilene; Ethicon), expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex; W.L.…”

“…20 Bone grafts may contain marrow elements, which have softtissue attenuation on CT and can display fat signal characteristics on MR imaging. 20 Alloplastic implants used in facial cosmetic surgery include silicone (Silastic; Dow Corning, Auburn, Michigan), polyamide mesh (Supramid; S. Jackson, Alexandria, Virginia), polyethylene tetraphthalate mesh (Mersilene; Ethicon), expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex; W.L. Gore & Associates, Newark, Delaware), and high-attenuation porous polyethylene (Med- por; Stryker, Mahwah, New Jersey).…”