Imaging Manifestations of Genitourinary Tuberculosis

Naeem, Muhammad; Zulfiqar, Maria; Siddiqui, Mansoor A.; Shetty, Anup S.; Haq, Adeel; Varela, Cristián; Siegel, Cary; Menias, Christine O.

doi:10.1148/rg.2021200154

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…As for MRI, normal testis appears hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and hypo to isointense on T1-weighted images, and it homogeneously enhances after contrast administration. In testicular tuberculosis, the lesion usually appears hypointense on T2 weight images due to fibrosis but can appear hyperintense in early orchitis stage [15] . Once genitourinary TB is diagnosed, antituberculosis chemotherapy is the first line therapy that includes rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RIPE) for an initial 2-month period followed by 4- to 7-month period of isoniazid and rifampin [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculous peritonitis post orchiectomy for testicular tuberculosis; a case report and literature review

Tahaineh

Mughli

Seetan

et al. 2023

Radiology Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculous peritonitis post orchiectomy for testicular tuberculosis; a case report and literature review

Tahaineh

Mughli

Seetan

et al. 2023

Radiology Case Reports

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“…When immunity is suppressed, the tuberculous granulomas are reactivated and spread to adjacent papillae. They pass from the papillae to the collecting system and spread to the distal genitourinary system, causing multifocal active inflammation followed by fibrosis, scarring, and calcification [ 47 , 48 ]. In genitourinary TB, lobar calcification can be detected in plain film radiography, while intravenous urography may reveal decreased calyx acuity, papillary necrosis, irregular caliectasis without pelvic dilatation, and urothelial thickening.…”

Section: Involvement Of the Body Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renal TB is generally unilateral. Intravenous urography shows a moth-eaten appearance caused by erosions in the calyx and can also show papillary necrosis, hydronephrosis with irregular contours, and contrast filling debris defects [ 20 , 23 , 40 , 48 ]. CT can detect focal caliectasis due to infundibular strictures, renal calcification, parenchymal scarring, and hypodense parenchymal lesions (Fig.…”

Section: Involvement Of the Body Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thickening of the ureter wall is observed in acute TB involvement, while strictures in the lumen and a shortening of the ureter are detected in chronic TB involvement (Fig. 37 ) [ 20 , 23 , 40 , 48 ].

Fig.…”

Section: Involvement Of the Body Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 , 42 ), synechiae in the fallopian tubes, ascites in the pelvic peritoneal cavity (Fig. 43 ), and adhesions in the endometrium resulting from TB may cause infertility [ 23 , 48 ]. Differential diagnosis includes ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, ovarian malignancy, endometrial carcinoma, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding [ 46 ].…”

Section: Involvement Of the Body Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extrapulmonary tuberculosıs: an old but resurgent problem

et al. 2022

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Tuberculosis (TB) primarily affects the lungs, but some of its most devastating clinical consequences arise because of its ability to spread from the lungs to other organs. Extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) constitutes 15–20% of all TB cases. Imaging findings are not always specific and can mimic many diseases; therefore, EPTB should be considered in the differential diagnosis, particularly in patients with immune system disorders (AIDS, patients receiving chemotherapy, etc.) and those in other high-risk groups including people with diabetes. The bacterium's passage to the regional lymph nodes is essential for developing a protective T-cell-mediated immune response, but the bacterium can spread hematologically and via the lymphatic system, leading to extrapulmonary involvement. Diagnosis of EPTB in high-risk patients is made based on suspected clinical and radiological findings, but further positive culture and histopathological confirmation may be required in some instances. Radiological evaluations are critical for diagnosis and crucial in planning the treatment and follow-up. This paper aims to review the typical and atypical imaging features and the differential diagnosis of EPTB.

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Excluding confusable diseases in patients with presumptive diagnosis of interstitial cystitis: A large patient cohort study

Jeong,

Kang,

Choo

et al. 2024

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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ObjectiveTo analyze the results of excluding confusable diseases in patients with a presumptive diagnosis of interstitial cystitis (IC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of consecutive patients with IC between October 2005 and December 2019.ResultsPatients with pelvic pain underwent an initial workup. Of these, 646 patients (164 men, 25.4%; 482 women, 74.6%) underwent observational cystoscopy under the suspicion of IC. Fourteen patients had genitourinary tract malignancies (2.2%) (bladder cancer, n = 13; prostate cancer, n = 1). Of the 13 patients with bladder cancer, three were diagnosed during initial observation cystoscopy. The remaining 10 patients were diagnosed during subsequent follow‐up cystoscopic surgery. Urinary tuberculosis was identified in seven (1.1%) of 646 patients during the examination. Five (0.8%) of the six patients with suspected urinary tuberculosis at baseline imaging were positive for tuberculosis in the acid‐fast bacillus test. One patient developed tuberculous granulomas in the bladder tissue after a cystectomy for intractable pelvic pain.ConclusionOur results show that continuous efforts to rule out bladder tumors or tuberculosis are still essential in the follow up of patients with suspected IC, even if these diseases are not excluded at the initial examination. Imaging studies are necessary to rule out tuberculosis.

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Imaging Manifestations of Genitourinary Tuberculosis

Cited by 19 publications

References 61 publications

Tuberculous peritonitis post orchiectomy for testicular tuberculosis; a case report and literature review

Tuberculous peritonitis post orchiectomy for testicular tuberculosis; a case report and literature review

Extrapulmonary tuberculosıs: an old but resurgent problem

Excluding confusable diseases in patients with presumptive diagnosis of interstitial cystitis: A large patient cohort study

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