Imaging improvements in high-resolution electron microscopy by ‘ a posteriori’ holographic image deblurring

Stroke, George W.; Halioua, Maurice; Saffir, Arthur J.

doi:10.1016/0375-9601(73)90811-6

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…o0045 (iii) Optimizing signal to noise, which flattens the power spectrum between the zeros and reduces the relative effect of higher-image frequencies where the signal to noise ratio is small. s0170 3.10 Implementation of a Filter for Weak-Phase Objects p0970 Optical methods of implementation of a deblurring filter for weak-phase objects have been published by Stroke & Halioua, 1973, with a holographic filter, and by Burge and Scott (1975a,b), with a binary filter. The holographic filter has two independent elements giving separate representations of amplitude and phase.…”

Section: P0895mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The functional part of this chapter concerns the requirements for and method of implementation of a practical method of image improvement (i.e., deblurring) by the application (see Burge & Scott, 1975a-d) to electron microscopy of Lohmann-type computer-plotted binary holograms. The preparation and operation of the binary filter is described in detail, and its advantages and disadvantages discussed in relation to the holographic deblurring filter (Stroke & Halioua, 1973;Stroke, Halioua, Thom, & Willasch, 1974). s0125 3.4 Aim and Nature of Image Processing p0645 For an object illuminated with a plane electron wave, the object wave function Ψ(x, y) for elastically scattered electrons is defined in terms of twodimensional (2D) distributions of amplitude and phase.…”

Section: P0620mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phase and amplitude contrast transfer function for f ¼ 900, 2000 A (80 Kev), are shown in Figure 26 as functions of spatial frequency u ¼ Θ/λ. A wider selection of contrast graphs is given by Stroke and Halioua (1973).…”

Section: P0725mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging with Electrons, X-rays, and Microwaves

Burge

2015

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics

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Section: P0895mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: P0620mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging with Electrons, X-rays, and Microwaves

Burge

2015

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics

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“…material of this article. [17][18][19][20] the overall contrast of the spokes in the out-of-focus The principles of optical computing as used in image image of the chart decreases with increasing closeness deblurring are highly mathematical and their detail of the bars. In optics, the closeness of the bars is generally requires considerable development.15",7'8s 28 However, measured in terms of the number of white or black bars the basic principles of holographic Fourier-transform per linear millimeter at right angles to the bars, which is division image deblurring may be readily sketched out known as spatial frequency.…”

Section: Opticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical computing

Stroke

1972

IEEE Spectr.

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Dozens of research workers in more than a hundred leading laboratories of the world are working on creating the foundations for a new field of engineering that promises to have a revolutionary impact on almost every field of science and tecFhnology. Resulting from the introduction of a variety of new techniques and devicesincluding the laser-as well as from the development of new photosensitive and electron-beam recording materials-including thermoplastics, codable films, and mass-storage holographic memories-this new technology, known as optical computing, is based upon mathematical concepts known as coherent or Fourier optics and holography.In terms of future developments and applications, the most dramatic results very likely will emerge from the implementation of real-time image processing in various forms. But the great power of optical computing derives primarily from its newly recognized capability of parallel processing, a natural property of the lens! In a general way, all aspects of this new field can be characterized by established concepts of electric and electronic signal processing and communications.Few applications of holography have had as great an optical computing processes is nothing short of amazing. impact on science and technology as the optical computer,As an example, modern synthetic-aperture radars scan an entirely new class of ultrahigh-speed, extremely highupward of 101 resolvable elements per second, making mass-storage data processors. In one noted application, photographic records (several kilometers long and onethis instrument already has succeeded in increasing the dimensional)-of zone pIates for each of these 10o elements. sharpness of images obtained from the most powerfulThe optical hologram process itself records and utilizes electron microscopes, way beyond the ultimate resolution detail that corresponds to 2000-3000 lines per millicapability of the microscope itself. In other applicationsmeter, equal to upward of 4 X 1010 picture elements in which range from fingerprint/credit-card identification each microscopic plane of a 10-cm-square hologram! to the a posteriori synthesis of large microwave an-The fact of the matter is that no presently known electennas-the optical computer has yielded results that far tronic computer has come even close to optical processing exceed the performance of even the most powerful digital in approximating the natural capacity of the lens to procomputers. * cess images (no more than the operation of the human The information-handling capability of the various brain can~be approximated by any known form of com-

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“…Lenz (1971) and Erickson and Klug (1970;1971) formulated an electron optical transfer theory based on the theoretical work of Schemer (1949) and the exper-imental work of Thon (1966) using optical diffraction. Subsequent developments were made by Stroke and Halioua (1973), Hanzen and Trepte (1971), Frank (1973a), andBurge et al (1977) and are reviewed by Hawkes (1973, 19801, Saxton (19781, Misell (19781, Hoppe andMason (1979), and Reimer (1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital image processing of crystalline specimens examined by electron microscopy

Kanaya

1988

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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Crystalline specimens imaged in the electron microscope are analysed using digital processing. Some principles of structural analysis using the method of Fourier decomposition are discussed. Complementary techniques, such as enhancement by gradient and Laplacian operators, have been found useful in analysing electron micrographs. The application of these techniques to some problems in Materials Science and Biology are reviewed. By selecting and phase-correcting spots in the computed diffraction pattern, it was possible to localize atoms, molecules, and their defective arrangement in evaporated gold, sputter-deposited tungsten films, and single crystals of cadmium selenide. Digital processing based on the theory of helical diffraction was used to explore the three-dimensional arrangement of molecules in cellular components of alveolar soft part sarcoma, Hirano bodies, and neurofibrillar tangles in the human brain.

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Imaging improvements in high-resolution electron microscopy by ‘ a posteriori’ holographic image deblurring

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Imaging with Electrons, X-rays, and Microwaves

Imaging with Electrons, X-rays, and Microwaves

Optical computing

Digital image processing of crystalline specimens examined by electron microscopy

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