Imagination or Exposure Causes Imagination Inflation

Sharman, Stefanie J.; Garry, Maryanne; Beuke, Carl J.

doi:10.2307/4149020

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Wegner, Schneider, Carter, & White, 1987). Research has demonstrated that exposing people to false information through a range of techniques that encourage them to spend time processing this information-such as imagining false events or explaining how they might have happenedmakes them more confident that the false information was true (Bernstein, Whittlesea, & Loftus, 2002;Sharman, Garry, & Beuke, 2004;Sharman, Manning, & Garry, 2005). In the current experiment, it is possible that exposing people to the misleading information in closed specific question structures should also encourage them to spend time processing this information.…”

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confidence: 90%

A Comparison of Adult Witnesses' Suggestibility Across Various Types of Leading Questions

Sharman

Powell²

2011

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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The current study directly compared witnesses' susceptibility to suggestion across various structures of misleading interview questions. We examined four question structures that varied on numerous dimensions; whether they narrowed the response option to yes or no, whether they included highly specific detail about the witnessed event and whether they presumed the information being suggested to be true. Susceptibility to misinformation was measured by witnesses' responses to the initial interview questions and their responses to subsequent recognition questions. Interview questions that narrowed the response option and contained specific details and questions that encouraged broader responses but presumed certain information were found to be the most harmful. Participants were more likely to agree with the misleading suggestions contained in these question structures-and more likely to falsely report those suggested details at subsequent interview-than misleading suggestions contained in other question structures. The implications are discussed.

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confidence: 90%

A Comparison of Adult Witnesses' Suggestibility Across Various Types of Leading Questions

Sharman

Powell²

2011

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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“…Although the precise mechanisms responsible for this effect are unclear, Garry and Polaschek (2000) suggested that the act of imagination evokes detailed mental images or increased familiarity that later results in source confusion and increased certainty in event reality. However, more recently simple exposure to an event by solving anagrams (Bernstein, Whittlesea, & Loftus, 2002), paraphrasing (Sharman, Garry, & Beuke, 2004), or even explaining event information without specific imagination has also been demonstrated to induce this 'imagination' inflation effect (Sharman, Manning, & Garry, 2005). Hence, these findings can be more effectively explained using a processing fluency account.…”

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confidence: 97%

Elaboration inflation: how your ideas become mine

Stark

Perfect

2006

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Unconscious plagiarism occurs when individuals claim previously experienced ideas as their own. Using an adaptation of Brown and Murphy's (1989) three-stage paradigm, participant elaboration was investigated using the Alternate Uses Test at generation. Following generation, ideas were imagined and rated (imagery-elaboration), improved in three ways (generative-elaboration), improved by another participant and then imagined and rated (rich imagery-elaboration) or not re-presented. A week later, participants recalled their original ideas and generated new ideas. Relative to control, elaborating or imagining an idea previously generated by someone else improved recall and reduced plagiarism in the generate-new task. However, in the recall-own task, generativeelaboration alone led to high levels of plagiarism in the recall-own task. Consequently, it is the generative nature of the elaboration performed on an idea that influences later idea appropriation.

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“…Whereas some experimenters have attempted to extend this social contagion paradigm to more ecologically valid stimuli, particularly in the forensic context (e.g., Gabbert et al, 2003), this research has not yet examined emotional, personally experienced autobiographical memories (but for examples of other false memory research see Garry & Gerrie, 2005;Loftus, 2005Loftus, , 1997Sharman, Garry, & Beuke, 2004).…”

Section: Social Contagion Of Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory

Barnier

Sutton

Harris

et al. 2008

Cognitive Systems Research

157

138

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In this paper, we aim to show that the framework of embedded, distributed, or extended cognition offers new perspectives on social cognition by applying it to one specific domain: the psychology of memory. In making our case, first we specify some key social dimensions of cognitive distribution and some basic distinctions between memory cases, and then describe stronger and weaker versions of distributed remembering in the general distributed cognition framework. Next, we examine studies of social influences on memory in cognitive psychology, and identify the valuable concepts and methods to be extended and embedded in our framework; we focus in particular on three related paradigms: transactive memory, collaborative recall, and social contagion. Finally, we sketch our own early studies of individual and group memory developed within our framework of distributed cognition, on social contagion of autobiographical memories, collaborative flashbulb memories, and memories of high school at a high school reunion. We see two reciprocal benefits of this conceptual and empirical framework to social memory phenomena: that ideas about distributed cognition can be honed against and tested with the help of sophisticated methods in the social-cognitive psychology of memory; and conversely, that a range of social memory phenomena that are as yet poorly understood can be approached afresh with theoretically motivated extensions of existing empirical paradigms.

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Imagination or Exposure Causes Imagination Inflation

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

A Comparison of Adult Witnesses' Suggestibility Across Various Types of Leading Questions

A Comparison of Adult Witnesses' Suggestibility Across Various Types of Leading Questions

Elaboration inflation: how your ideas become mine

A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory

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