“…In recent years, wall climbing robots have been used in steel wall inspection, glass curtain wall cleaning, and other applications (Lei et al, 2023;Shigenori et al, 2021;Weiping, 2005). Depending on the adsorption mode, the adsorption methods can be grouped into the following categories: magnetic adsorption, vacuum adsorption, adhesion material adsorption, and reaction force adsorption (Xianyu and Hualun, 2018).…”