III. Tattoos in Different Cultures

Goldstein, F.A.C.P. Norman; Sewell, Margaret

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.1979.tb00769.x

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The history of decorative tattooing is long, dating back at least to 6000 B.C 1,2 . The motivation for tattooing the skin varies from being a cultural characteristic, 3 as seen in the Maori tribes of New Zealand, who regarded tattoos as a symbol of status, to individuals who have tattoos applied as a function of religious leanings, 4 psychological impairment, 5–8 or as a sign of self‐destructive and rebellious behavior 1 . They have also been used for cosmetic purposes in medical settings 9,10 .…”

Section: Methods Of Tattoo Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Superior Method of Tattoo Removal Using the Q‐Switched Ruby Laser

Scheibner¹,

Kenny²,

White³

et al. 1990

The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology

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The Q-switched ruby laser was used to treat 101 amateur and 62 professional tattoos in 80 patients over a period of 22 months. Using a 5- to 8-mm spot size and energy fluences of 2-4 joules/cm2, an average of three retreatments resulted in complete pigment removal in four, nearly complete pigment removal in 84, significant pigment removal in 11, and minimal pigment removal in two amateur tattoos. Using identical parameters for professional tattoos, there was complete pigment removal in two, nearly complete pigment removal in five, significant pigment removal in 18, minimal pigment removal in 25, and very little pigment removal in 12. Professional tattoos with red, yellow, and green pigments faded, but required multiple retreatments. While transient hypopigmentation occurred in many patients, skin texture and hair growth returned to normal in all cases and no hypertrophic scarring was seen.

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Section: Methods Of Tattoo Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Superior Method of Tattoo Removal Using the Q‐Switched Ruby Laser

Scheibner¹,

Kenny²,

White³

et al. 1990

The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology

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“…2 ' 4 In the beginning of life, the infant perceives the world through skin contact. The neonate is placed on the abdomen of the mother or against her breasts as bonding develops.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Skin and Skin Coveringsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychodynamics of tattooing: a review

Fried¹

1983

Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

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The ancient art of tattooing has diverse meanings. In the South Seas archipelagos and in some Asian civilizations (India, Burma, and Japan) it has religious significance and is prized as a means of adornment. The intense pursuit of identity and autonomy that occurs during adolescence brings to the surface subconscious feelings, particularly of aggression and sexuality. These are often expressed by a rebellion against the standards of authority. A dramatic and indelible manner of expressing these conflicts is through symbols in tattooing. It is important for the pediatrician to explore the subconscious drives that govern the personality and behavior of his patients. An awareness and interpretation of what the patient is expressing through his tattoos aids in understanding the needs of the individual.

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“…During the 8000 years in which decorative tattoos have been known to exist, 1 the major attraction by physicians has been in the development of a satisfactory method of removal. Regardless of the reason a tattoo was originally applied, be it social, 2 psychological, 3–4 or religious, 5 many individuals ultimately seek medical consultation regarding removal 6 . Many methods have been employed for the removal of decorative tattoos.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%