Ignition of Wood-Based Boards by Radiant Heat

Abstract

Particleboards (PB) and oriented strand boards (OSB) are commonly used materials in building structures or building interiors. The surface of boards may hence become directly exposed to fire or radiant heat. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the behaviour of uncoated particleboards and OSB exposed to radiant heat. The following ignition parameters were used to observe the process of particleboard and OSB ignition: heat flux intensity (from 43 to 50 kW.m-2) and ignition temperature. The time-to-ignition and mass loss of particleboards and OSB with thicknesses of 12, 15 and 18 mm were monitored and compared. The experiments were conducted on a modified device in accordance with ISO 5657: 1997. Results confirmed thermal degradation of samples. Heat flux had a significant effect on mass loss (burning rate) and time-to-ignition. OSB had higher ignition time than particleboards and the thermal degradation of OSB started later, i.e., at a higher temperature than that of particleboards, but OSB also had higher mass loss than particleboards. The samples yielded the same results above 47 kW.m−2. Thermal analysis also confirmed a higher thermal decomposition temperature of OSB (179 °C) compared to particleboards (146 °C). The difference in mass loss in both stages did not exceed 1%.

The Evaluation of the Fire Safety of the Digestate as An Alternative Bedding Material

“…The sample weighing 3 g turned out to be highly flammable due to the observed processes, as it burned completely in several places (Figures 4d and 5d). Compared to hay, which is a common bedding for livestock, Marková et al [36] observed similar processes with a sample weight of 3 g. They monitored the charring of the specimen, incandescence at 855 s, and the combustion process at 1020 s. The sample with 0.43 cm thickness (3 g, D1 and D2) of litter from the dry part of the digestate was unsatisfactory in terms of fire safety. On a sample weighing 5 g, we monitored the smoking and smoldering of the sample, and observed small flames only in sample D4 (sample after drying) at time 900 s, at a sample temperature of 269.3 °C (Table 1).…”

“…We attach a photo documentation of the course of the experiment (Figures 6 and 7). A sample of the dry part of the digestate weighing 5 g had a standard course in the experiment, similar to other bedding materials (Marková et al [36] tested the hay). The sample with 0.62 cm thickness of bedding material (5 g) was sufficient in terms of fire safety and maintaining the comfort of the housed cattle.…”

Study of the Influence of Heat Flow on the Time to Ignition of Spruce and Beech Wood

“…up to 200 • C), and the main chain pyrolysis of both the amylose and amylopectin fractions, yielding laevoglucose and various other volatile fragments (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 ) [25]. During combustion, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are the primary components of wood, undergo dehydration, depolymerization, and thermal decomposition [26][27][28].…”

Improvement of Heat Release Rate Measurement from Woods Based on Their Combustion Products Temperature Rise

“…For example, verification method C/VM2:2014 [17] uses an HRR of 50 kW m −2 as a criterion for flame combustion (the moment when the HRR reaches the value of 50 kW m −2 is considered as flame ignition). Initiation characteristics are discussed in more detail in the following scientific works [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”