IGF-2 stimulates growth and metabolism of early mouse embryos

Harvey, Mark B.; Kaye, Peter L.

doi:10.1016/0925-4773(92)90050-t

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Recent studies have implicated a variety of putative growth factors including platelet-activating factor (PAF) [4], insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) [5,6], IGF-II [7], and epidermal growth factor/transforming growth factor ot [8,9]. Their mechanisms of action and their temporal pattern of action is poorly understood, while the very nature of autocrine mediators (produced by and acting on the same cell populations) make such studies difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Autocrine Mediators are Required to act on the Embryo by the 2-Cell Stage to Promote Normal Development and Survival of Mouse Preimplantation Embryos in Vitro1

O’Neill

1998

Biology of Reproduction

101

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Autocrine mediators released by the early embryo are implicated in the support of embryo development. Their mechanisms and timing of action, however, are uncertain. This study shows that their action is necessary during the 2-cell stage of development, at which time they do not act as classical growth factors, having no impact on the rate of cell-cycle progression. Rather, they act as survival factors, protecting embryos from subsequent cell death. Culture of zygotes for the first 48 h after insemination (but not the first 24 h only) at a high concentration of 1 embryo/microl before transfer to a concentration of 1 embryo/100 microl significantly improved development compared with culture at the lower concentration for 120 h. By contrast, if the initial 48 h of culture was at 1 embryo/100 microl, subsequent culture at 1 embryo/microl caused no improvement. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) supplementation (0.186 microM) of media for the 48-h period after insemination (but not 24 h only) improved the development of embryos cultured at low embryo concentrations (1 embryo/10 microl) even when transferred to PAF-free media for the subsequent 72-h culture period. The ability of PAF to mimic the effects of higher embryo density implicates embryo-derived PAF as one of the autocrine mediators stimulating early embryo development. The cell death that occurred at low embryo concentration had a mixed phenotype: some cells had lost membrane integrity whereas others had intact membranes but punctate or fragmented chromatin. It is concluded that the action of autocrine diffusible factors, including PAF, are necessary during the 2-cell stage for subsequent survival and normal development of embryos to the blastocyst stage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Autocrine Mediators are Required to act on the Embryo by the 2-Cell Stage to Promote Normal Development and Survival of Mouse Preimplantation Embryos in Vitro1

O’Neill

1998

Biology of Reproduction

101

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“…IGF2 is also an important member of this family, and it has been demonstrated that addition of IGF2 to culture medium stimulated the formation of blastocyst from two-cell embryo Figure 1 Summary of the various growth factors, cytokines, and hormones involved in implantation process. (Harvey & Kaye 1992). Preimplantation mouse embryos express IGF2, and production of IGF2 by embryos has been shown to enhance the formation of blastocyst in an autocrine manner.…”

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging endometrial receptivity and implantation: network of hormones, cytokines, and growth factors

Singh

Chaudhry²,

Asselin

2011

Journal of Endocrinology

275

195

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The prerequisite of successful implantation depends on achieving the appropriate embryo development to the blastocyst stage and at the same time the development of an endometrium that is receptive to the embryo. Implantation is a very intricate process, which is controlled by a number of complex molecules like hormones, cytokines, and growth factors and their cross talk. A network of these molecules plays a crucial role in preparing receptive endometrium and blastocyst. Furthermore, timely regulation of the expression of embryonic and maternal endometrial growth factors and cytokines plays a major role in determining the fate of embryo. Most of the existing data comes from animal studies due to ethical issues. In this study, we comprehend the data from both animal models and humans for better understanding of implantation and positive outcomes of pregnancy. The purpose of this review is to describe the potential roles of embryonic and uterine factors in implantation process such as prostaglandins, cyclooxygenases, leukemia inhibitory factor, interleukin (IL) 6, IL11, transforming growth factor-b, IGF, activins, NODAL, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and heparin binding-EGF. Understanding the function of these players will help us to address the reasons of implantation failure and infertility.

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“…We speculate that when the receptors start to receive signals from endogenous TGFa they shift to an internal location. It Harvey and Kaye, 1990Kaye, , 1991a Gardner and Kaye, 1991 Rao et al, 1990Harvey and Kaye, 1991aRappolee et al, 1992 Harvey and Kaye, 1992b.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities of growth factors in preimplantation embryos

Adamson

1993

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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The development of the mammalian preimplantation embryo in vitro occurs more slowly and less successfully compared to development in the uterus. The fact that it can occur at all in a defined protein-free medium suggests that the process is autonomous. Accumulated evidence indicates that a number of peptide growth facto-s contribute in an autocrine fashion to preimplantation development. Other growth factors are maternally derived and act in a paracrine manner on the embryo. Some of these factors such as insulin-related factors stimulate growth preferentially, but others such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) play more important roles in differentiation. Several cytokines appear to be implicated in peri-implantation events and in maternal-fetal interactions. At this stage, the data are mostly descriptive. Are all these different growth factors and receptors necessary for early development? Some implications of apparent redundancy of gene expression are discussed and future studies are predicted.

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IGF-2 stimulates growth and metabolism of early mouse embryos

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Autocrine Mediators are Required to act on the Embryo by the 2-Cell Stage to Promote Normal Development and Survival of Mouse Preimplantation Embryos in Vitro1

Autocrine Mediators are Required to act on the Embryo by the 2-Cell Stage to Promote Normal Development and Survival of Mouse Preimplantation Embryos in Vitro1

Bridging endometrial receptivity and implantation: network of hormones, cytokines, and growth factors

Activities of growth factors in preimplantation embryos

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