‘If-then’ but when? Effects of implementation intentions on children’s and adolescents’ prospective memory

Kretschmer-Trendowicz, Anett; Kliegel, Matthias; Goschke, Thomas; Altgassen, Mareike

doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2020.100998

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…While most studies focused on adult population, only two studies have investigated the effect of implementation intentions on event-based PM in children and adolescents (Kretschmer-Trendowicz et al, 2021; Zimmermann & Meier, 2010), and the results did not show any facilitating effect of implementation intentions. In the study by Zimmerman and Meier (2010), a non-focal event-based PM task was used, and the implementation intention group received PM instructions in the “ Whenever I see.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Although Kretschmer-Trendowicz et al (2021), and Zimmermann and Meier (2010) supported the presence of a weak implementation intention benefit to PM in children and adolescents, their findings were limited to event-based PM tasks and a few potential moderators. For instance, WM capacity might moderate the effect of implementation intentions on PM in adults.…”

Section: The Effect Of Implementation Intentions On Pm In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We also aimed to explore whether individual differences (i.e., age, gender, and WM capacity) could influence children's ability to benefit from implementation intentions. In view of the paucity of evidence (Kretschmer-Trendowicz et al, 2021), we did not make any hypothesis for this research question.…”

Section: Knowledge Gap and Study Aimsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Both adolescents (aged 10 to 14) and young adults (aged 17 to 30) failed to benefit from implementation intention, whereas middle-to-advanced age adults (aged 55 to 75) showed significant benefit. Recently, Kretschmer-Trendowicz et al (2021) used a focal event-based PM task, and the implementation intention group received PM instructions in the “ When I see. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results did not find any beneficial effect of implementation intentions on PM in children (aged 9 to 13) and adolescents (aged 14 to 16). (Kretschmer-Trendowicz et al, 2021). Moreover, ongoing task difficulty and WM capacity did not moderate the implementation intention effect (Kretschmer-Trendowicz et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The effect of implementation intentions on event-, time-, and activity-based prospective memory in typically developing children

Yang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember and complete planned tasks in the future, which relies on working memory (WM) for encoding and maintaining the intention. Implementation intention is a useful strategy for improving PM function in adults. Yet the effect of implementation intentions in children, and whether factors such as age, gender, and WM capacity could modulate its effect remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of implementation intentions on PM in 154 children at 7–11 years of age. The standard group received standard instructions on PM task, whereas the implementation intention group received additional PM instruction, which comprised the “if . . . then . . .” format and guided visual imagery of the PM scenario. Participants completed the computer-based PM tasks (tapping into focal event-, time-, and activity-based PM) and the WM tests. The results showed that the two groups exhibited similar focal event-, time-, and activity-based PM performance. Although age and gender did not modulate the effect of implementation intentions on PM, WM capacity moderated the implementation intention effect on time-based PM. Specifically, higher WM capacity predicted higher implementation intention benefit. These findings suggest that children with higher WM capacity may have higher chance to benefit from the implementation intention strategy.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: The Effect Of Implementation Intentions On Pm In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Knowledge Gap and Study Aimsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The effect of implementation intentions on event-, time-, and activity-based prospective memory in typically developing children

Yang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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Improving children’s ability to remember intentions: a literature review on strategies to improve prospective memory during childhood

Cottini

2023

Psychological Research

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Children often fail to remember executing intentions because prospective memory (PM) does not completely develop until late adolescence or young adulthood. PM failures are often observed in children and can have negative consequences on their everyday lives. Thus, in the last 50 years, various strategies to support children’s PM have been designed and evaluated, such as prompting children to use different encoding modalities, such as verbal, visual, and enacted modalities, or encoding strategies, such as implementation intentions, episodic future thinking (EFT), and performance predictions, as well as providing children with verbal and visual reminders. However, not all these interventions have shown to efficiently enhance PM performance during childhood. The present literature review is aimed at summarizing these interventions and critically examining their effectiveness from a developmental perspective and by considering underlying mechanisms. The type of PM task (event-, time-, and activity-based), cognitive resource demands, and processing overlaps are also considered. Finally, directions for future research and possible applications in everyday life will be discussed.

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Effect of time stress on event-based prospective memory with several prospective targets

Lin,

Wang,

Xin

et al. 2023

Curr Psychol

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‘If-then’ but when? Effects of implementation intentions on children’s and adolescents’ prospective memory

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

The effect of implementation intentions on event-, time-, and activity-based prospective memory in typically developing children

The effect of implementation intentions on event-, time-, and activity-based prospective memory in typically developing children

Improving children’s ability to remember intentions: a literature review on strategies to improve prospective memory during childhood

Effect of time stress on event-based prospective memory with several prospective targets

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