“…a recession in the US spreads globally through weakened demand (Kim, 1999;Georgiadis, 2016;Banerjee et al, 2016). However, several studies document mixed effects (Maćkowiak, 2007;Bluedorn, Bowdler, 2011;Dedola et al, 2017) while some even suggest the shock to have expansionary effects abroad (Canova, 2005;Neri and Nobili, 2010). Furthermore, the transmission channels, through which the shock proliferates, and the relative strength of these mechanisms, are discussed controversially (Bernanke, 2017).…”