Idiopathic pure red cell aplasia and nonregenerative immune-mediated anemia in dogs: 43 cases (1988–1999)

Abstract

An immune-mediated pathogenesis should be considered in dogs with severe, nonregenerative anemia, normal WBC and platelet counts, hyperferremia, mild clinical signs, and no evidence of underlying disease. Bone marrow findings range from the rare PRCA to erythroid hyperplasia. Myelofibrosis is often detected in affected dogs and may prevent bone marrow aspiration.

A Retrospective Study of the Incidence and the Classification of Bone Marrow Disorders in the Dog at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (1996–2004)

“…As reported previously, nonregenerative IMA was a frequent cause of marrow failure. 33 In that study, erythroid hyperplasia was the most frequent finding in bone marrow. The combined results of these 2 studies indicate that the nonregenerative anemia associated with IMA may result from a combination of immune-mediated destruction of precursor cells within the marrow and bone marrow stromal disorders that limit erythropoiesis.…”

Canine idiopathic immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia: a review with recommendations for future research

“…As reticulocytosis takes about 4-5 days to develop and most dogs develop clinical signs about 3 days before presentation, regenerative anaemia should develop a few days after first presentation (Giger 2005). If reticulocytosis fails to develop in this period, non-regenerative IMHA and PRCA should be considered in the differential diagnosis (Jonas et al 1987;Stokol et al 2000;Weiss, 2002Weiss, , 2008. PRCA is characterized by total erythroid aplasia, in contrast with non-regenerative IMHA, where there is bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia or erythroid maturation arrest (Stokol et al 2000;Weiss 2008).…”

Abnormal Erythroid Cell Proliferation and Myelofibrosis in a Cat

“…It is sometimes difficult to discriminate between myeloproliferative disorder and immune-mediated erythroid depletion. Deceptive maturation arrest is reported in dogs with immunemediated destruction of erythroid precursor cells at a specific maturation stage [10]. However, evidence of an immune-mediated depletion, such as erythrophagocytosis or lymphoid aggregation, was not observed in this case.…”