Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis and Hypovitaminosis D: A Case-control Study

Ticinesi, Andrea; Nouvenne, Antonio; Ferraro, Pietro Manuel; Folesani, Giuseppina; Lauretani, Fulvio; Allegri, Franca; Guerra, Angela; Cerundolo, Nicoletta; Aloe, Rosalia; Lippi, Giuseppe; Maggio, Marcello; Gambaro, Giovanni; Borghi, Loris; Meschi, Tiziana

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2015.10.009

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to be more prevalent in the stone-forming population [49] . However, repletion of vitamin D with supplements in this population has been controversial.…”

Section: Dietary Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical therapy for nephrolithiasis: State of the art

Sorokin

Pearle

2018

Asian Journal of Urology

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The prevalence of nephrolithiasis is increasing worldwide. Understanding and implementing medical therapies for kidney stone prevention are critical to prevent recurrences and decrease the economic burden of this condition. Dietary and pharmacologic therapies require understanding on the part of the patient and the prescribing practitioner in order to promote compliance. Insights into occupational exposures and antibiotic use may help uncover individual risk factors. Follow-up is essential to assess response to treatment and to modify treatment plans to maximize therapeutic benefit.

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“…Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to be more prevalent in the stone-forming population [49] . However, repletion of vitamin D with supplements in this population has been controversial.…”

Section: Dietary Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical therapy for nephrolithiasis: State of the art

Sorokin

Pearle

2018

Asian Journal of Urology

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“…Too little vitamin D may also play a role in stone formation, as deficiency or insufficiency has been linked to increased risk of calcium nephrolithiasis [34, 35]. Other compounds that modulate urinary stone formation are glycosaminoglycans and proteins (including Tamm-Horsfall protein, nephrocalcin, osteopontin, inter-α-inhibitor, urinary prothrombin fragment-1, calgranulin) [36, 37].…”

Section: Epidemiology and Risk Factors For Calcium Oxalate Stone Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of calcium oxalate urinary stone disease: species comparison of humans, dogs, and cats

2017

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Idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis is a highly recurrent disease that is increasing in prevalence. Decades of research have not identified effective methods to consistently prevent the formation of nephroliths or induce medical dissolution. Idiopathic calcium oxalate nephroliths form in association with renal papillary subepithelial calcium phosphate deposits called Randall’s plaques (RPs). Rodent models are commonly used to experimentally induce calcium oxalate crystal and stone formation, but a rodent model that conclusively forms RPs has not been identified. Both dogs and cats form calcium oxalate uroliths that can be recurrent, but the etiopathologic mechanisms of stone formation, especially renal pathologic findings, are a relatively unexploited area of study. A large animal model that shares a similar environment to humans, along with a shorter lifespan and thus shorter time to recurrence, might provide an excellent means to study preventative and therapeutic measures, along with enhancing the concepts of the One Health initiative. This review article summarizes and compares important known features of idiopathic calcium oxalate stone disease in humans, dogs, and cats, and emphasizes important knowledge gaps and areas for future study in the quest to discover a naturally occurring animal model of idiopathic calcium oxalate stone disease.

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“…Oral supplementation with cholecalciferol has been associated with increased risk of stones when administered together with calcium; 6 however, administration of ergocalciferol in stone formers with vitamin D deficiency did not cause a significant rise in mean urinary calcium excretion. 7 This is an important issue as vitamin D insufficiency and low bone mineral density are common among stone formers, 8,9 and also because associations between vitamin D status and other conditions such as high blood pressure, 10 diabetes, 11,12 and cardiovascular events 13,14 have been reported, all frequent among stone formers 15–18 . To date, only two longitudinal studies investigated the association between intake of vitamin D and risk of kidney stones, reporting no association.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Intake and the Risk of Incident Kidney Stones

et al. 2017

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Purpose Kidney stones are a common and painful condition. Longitudinal prospective studies on the association between intake of vitamin D and risk of incident kidney stones are lacking. Materials and Methods We performed a prospective analysis of 193,551 participants of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) I and II. Participants were divided into categories of total (<100, 100–199, 200–399, 400–599, 600–999, ≥1,000 IU/day) and supplemental (none, <400, 400–599, 600–999, ≥1,000 IU/day) vitamin D intake. During a follow-up of 3,316,846 person-years, there were 6,576 incident kidney stone events. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for age, BMI, comorbidities, use of medications and intake of other nutrients. Results After multivariate adjustment, there was no statistically significant association between intake of vitamin D and risk of stones in HPFS (HR for ≥1,000 vs <100 IU/day 1.08, 95% CI 0.80, 1.47, p-value for trend = 0.92) and NHS I (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.73, 1.35, p-value for trend = 0.70), whereas there was a suggestion of higher risk in NHS II (HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.94, 1.48, p-value for trend = 0.02). Similar results were found for supplemental vitamin D intake. Conclusions Vitamin D intake in typical amounts was not statistically associated with risk of kidney stone formation, though higher risk with higher doses than those studied here cannot be excluded.

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Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis and Hypovitaminosis D: A Case-control Study

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Medical therapy for nephrolithiasis: State of the art

Medical therapy for nephrolithiasis: State of the art

Pathogenesis of calcium oxalate urinary stone disease: species comparison of humans, dogs, and cats

Vitamin D Intake and the Risk of Incident Kidney Stones

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