Identity of the Fungal Symbiont of Sirex Noctilio

Gaut, Ivan Philip Charles

doi:10.1071/bi9690905

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Single drills generally contain only colourless phytotoxic mucus and arthrospores of the pathogenic basidiomycete Amylostereum areolatum (Fries) Boidin ( Figure 6) (Gaut 1969, Coutts 1969a, which is an obligate symbiont of S. noctilio (Buchner 1928;Cartwright 1929Cartwright , 1938Clark 1933). Single drills are believed to be made mainly for testing the suitability of the substrate for oviposition, or for predisposing the host to subsequent attack.…”

Section: Life History and Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sirex wood wasp in Australian radiata pine plantations

Neumann

Minko

1981

Australian Forestry

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This paper examines the essentials of the biology, impact and control of the European tree-killing wood wasp Sirex noctilio, which was found established in exotic Pinus radiata plantations in Australia about 1950-51. The wasp, with its pathogenic symbiont Amylostereum areolatum, has severely damaged some unthinned pine stands of intermediate-age, and valuable shelterbelts on farmland in Tasmania and Victoria. One-year life cycles are predominant, but three-month cycles and two or three-year cycles are also known. Emergence of adults, followed by attack on pine, occurs mostly between mid and late summer, when soil moisture levels, growth rates and tolerance of pine to pests and diseases are low. Various volatile substances produced by phloem/cambium tissues of stems and large branches, are important in the attraction of the pest. Susceptible trees are normally physiologically stressed, and attack on them is associated with a reinforcement of stress due to mucus injection, and a subsequent insect-pathogen development phase in the wood.In Tasmanian plantations, the introduced ichneumonid, ibaliid and stephanid parasitoids, and the parasitic nematode Deladenus siricidicola, have been effective control agents, though some outbreaks have collapsed even without natural enemies. In some parts of Victoria, where droughts are frequent and summer temperatures are high, an ecological balance between host and parasite populations may occur only after an unacceptably high level of tree mortality in stands that have remained unthinned due to unfavourable markets and unavailability of funds for sanitation felling. For such stands, a control strategy is being devised that will combine the effects of established biological control agents and minimum, selective noncommercial thinning, with the strategic placement of groups of trap trees, which have been predisposed to S. noctilio attack by injection with herbicide during spring.

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Section: Life History and Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arthrospores of A. areolatum within a parental hypha, from a culture on V8 agar. The arthrospores are multi-nucleate and homokaryotic (Gaut 1969): a. arthrospore' b. cross wall; c. parental hyphal wall.…”

Section: Life History and Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The sirex wood wasp in Australian radiata pine plantations

Neumann

Minko

1981

Australian Forestry

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“…: Fr. ) Boidin, A. chailletfi, and A. laevigatum are known as symbionts of both Sirex and Urocerus (Gaut, 1969(Gaut, , 1970Sano et al, 1995;Tabata and Abe, 1997). Gaut (1970) found that the same horntail species always associated with the same fungal species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Amylostereum laevigatum associated with a horntail, Urocerus antennatus

Tabata

Abe

1999

Mycoscience

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A fungus associated with a horntail, Urocerus antennatus, in Ibaraki, Kochi, and Nagasaki Prefectures, was studied. Cultures isolated from the mycangia of 12 adult females of U. antennatus showed the same cultural characteristics as those of Amylostereum laevigatum. One mycangial isolate produced basidiocarps on the stem segments of Cryptomeria japonica by artificial inoculation and was identified as A. laevigatum. These results indicate that only A. laevigatum is carried in the mycangia of U. antennatus in Ibaraki, Kochi, and Nagasaki Prefectures.

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“…japonica. Amylostereum laevigatum is different from A. chailletii, which is known as a symbiont of Sirex and Urocerus species (Gaut, 1969(Gaut, , 1970. Eriksson and Ryvarden (1973), Breitenbach and Kr~nzlin (1986), and Chamuris (1988) state that the basidiocarps of A.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amylostereum laevigatum associated with the Japanese horntail, Urocerus japonicus

Tabata¹,

Abe²

1997

Mycoscience

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The fungus associated with the Japanese horntail, Urocerus japonicus, in Kochi, Kagawa and Ehime Prefectures was studied. Cultures isolated from the mycangia of 113 adult females of the horntail showed the same cultural characteristics. Four of basidiocarps found on felled logs of Cryptomeriajaponica were identified as Amylostereum laevigatum based on morphological characteristics. This was the first record of A. laevigatum from Japan. The cultures isolated from the basidiocarps had the same cultural characteristics as those from the mycangia of U.japonicus. One mycangial isolate produced basidiocarps on artificially inoculated stem segments of Cr. japonica after a 6-too incubation and was identified as A. laevigatum. One isolate from the basidiocarps of A. laevigatum and one from the mycangium of U. japonicus were artificially inoculated into five trees each of Chamaecyparis obtusa and Cr. japonica. The wood of all inoculated trees showed discoloration, with no difference in shape and pattern of discoloration between the two isolates. The inoculated fungi were reisolated from the areas of discoloration in the inoculated trees.

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Identity of the Fungal Symbiont of Sirex Noctilio

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

The sirex wood wasp in Australian radiata pine plantations

The sirex wood wasp in Australian radiata pine plantations

Amylostereum laevigatum associated with a horntail, Urocerus antennatus

Amylostereum laevigatum associated with the Japanese horntail, Urocerus japonicus

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