Identifying the sources of nitrate contamination using a combined dual isotope, chemical and Bayesian model approach in a tropical agricultural river: Case study in the Mun River, Thailand

Liu, Jinke; Han, Guilin; Zeng, Jie; Li, Xiaoqiang; Boeckx, Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143938

Cited by 59 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our previous work [23] has demonstrated no obvious annual variation of river runoff in the MRB, and the average annual runoff at the M.11B hydrological station located at the outlet of the MRB is 2.6 × 10 10 m 3 . According to the hydrological data provided by Royal Irrigation Department of Thailand (R.I.D), the water discharge during our sampling periods reached to 75 m 3 /s in the lower Mun [38], which occupied about 9.1% of the total annual runoff in the MRB. In detail, the Sr concentration of site L8 (8.7 µg/L) was selected to represent the identical Sr output from the MRB, as it was located in the most downstream site in the lower Mun.…”

Section: Estimation Of Dissolved Sr Fluxmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Therefore, our sampling on March 2018 was located in a transition from SW to NE monsoon where the regional climate is relatively dry during the sampling period. The annual evaporation of the study region varied between 2881 mm in the west part and 5678 mm in the east [36,37], and the yearly water discharge from the Mun River to the Mekong River is about 2.5 × 10 9 m 3 /year [38]. More information and descriptions of regional population, industry and climate can be obtained from our previous research [26,27].…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously noted, rainfall amount within the basin varied from 800-1800 mm during the wet season [33], and from 40-120 mm in the dry season [35]. Therefore, the precipitation in the dry season was neglected, since rainfall in the wet season generally accounts for nearly 92-98% of the total annual precipitation (that is, only 2-8% for the dry season) [38,52]. Moreover, considering the wide distribution of the clastic sedimentary rock basement and the coverage of thick quaternary alluvial deposits [31,38], and that the carbonates (limestones) only distributed in the limited area of the westernmost tip of the basin (Figure 1), the contribution of carbonate weathering in this region was assumed negligible for the simplification of our calculation.…”

Section: Potential End-member Contribution Of Strontiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Strontium and Hydro-Geochemical Perspective on Human Impacted Tributary of the Mekong River Basin: Sources Identification, Fluxes, and CO2 Consumption

Zhang

Han

Zeng

et al. 2021

Water

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As the largest and most representative tributary of the Mekong River, the Mun River Basin (MRB) provides critical understanding of regional hydro-geochemical features and rock weathering processes on a basin scale. The present study measured strontium (Sr) isotopes with hydro-geochemistry data of 56 water samples in detail in the MRB in northeast Thailand. The dissolved Sr contents and 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios were reported to be 8.7–344.6 μg/L (average 126.9 μg/L) and 0.7085–0.7281 (average 0.7156), respectively. The concentrations of dissolved Sr in the mainstream slightly decreased from upstream to downstream, while the variation trend of 87Sr/86Sr was on the contrary. Correlation analysis showed that Na+ strongly correlated with Cl− (0.995, p < 0.01), while Ca2+ exhibited weak relationships with SO42− (0.356, p < 0.01). Samples of the MRB exhibited lower Mg2+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, HCO3−/Na+ and 1000Sr/Na ratios, and gathered around the end-member of evaporite dissolution, with slight shift to silicate weathering end-member, demonstrating the dominant contribution of evaporite dissolution and silicate weathering on dissolved loads. Comparing with data of major world rivers from previous research, our results remained consistency with rivers draining through similar geological conditions. The dissolved Sr flux to the adjacent Mekong River was estimated to be 20.7 tons/year. In accordance with the forward model, silicate weathering rate and CO2 consumption rate during dry season were calculated to be 0.73 tons/km2/year and 1.94 × 104 mol/km2/year, and may get underestimated due to intense water consumption by extensive agricultural activities. The superimposed effect of anthropogenic impacts on the water environment could enhance chemical weathering, and thus should be taken into account in regional ion cycles and carbon budgets. These findings highlight the coupling analysis of Sr isotopes and hydro-geochemistry in Earth surface processes and provide basic investigation for sustainable regional water treatment mechanisms in the pan basin of the Mekong River.

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Section: Estimation Of Dissolved Sr Fluxmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential End-member Contribution Of Strontiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Strontium and Hydro-Geochemical Perspective on Human Impacted Tributary of the Mekong River Basin: Sources Identification, Fluxes, and CO2 Consumption

Zhang

Han

Zeng

et al. 2021

Water

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“…The analysis of water pollution received an important boost from the studies by Kohl et al [50], which in 1973 used N isotopes (δ15N) to analyze the influence of chemical fertilizers on the pollution of water bodies. Because of its effectiveness, this technique has been widely used to detect sources of nitrates in this environment [51,52].…”

Section: Aquatic Ecosystems Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilization. A Review of the Risks Associated with the Inefficiency of Its Use and Policy Responses

2021

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Nitrogen (N) is a key input to food production. Nearly half of N fertilizer input is not used by crops and is lost into the environment via emission of gases or by polluting water bodies. It is essential to achieve production levels, which enable global food security, without compromising environmental security. The N pollution level expected by 2050 is projected to be 150% higher than in 2010, with the agricultural sector accounting for 60% of this increase. In this paper, we review the status of the pollution from N fertilizers worldwide and make recommendations to address the situation. The analysis reviews the relationship between N fertilizer use, N use efficiency, no-point pollution, the role of farmer management practices, and policy approaches to address diffuse pollution caused by N fertilization. Several studies show a lack of information as one of the main hurdles to achieve changes in habits. The objective of this study is to highlight the gravity of the current global non-point pollution as well as the need for a communication effort to make farmers aware of the relationship between their activity and N pollution and, therefore, the importance of their fertilizer management practices.

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“…River solutes can provide information about weathering processes [34][35][36][37][38]. The primary sources of river solutes are natural sources, such as atmospheric input and rock weathering [39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Elements in the Upstream of Three Gorges Reservoir: An Investigation of Chemical Weathering and Water Quality during Flood Events

Wang

Han

et al. 2021

Water

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Rivers transport terrestrial matter into the ocean, constituting a fundamental channel between inland and oceanic ecosystem and affect global climate change. To reveal chemical weathering processes and environmental health risks during flood periods, water samples were collected in the upper reaches of Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in 2020. HCO3− and Ca2+ were the most abundant anions and cations of the river water, respectively. The range of HCO3− concentration was between 1.81 and 3.02 mmol/L, while the mean content of Ca2+ was 1.03 mmol/L. The results of the Piper diagram and element ratios revealed that the river solutes were mainly contributed by carbonate weathering and gypsum-rich evaporite dissolution. A mass balance model indicated that the contribution order of sources to cations in the main channel (Yibin-Luzhou) was evaporites > carbonates > atmospheric input > silicates. The order in the Chongqing—Three Gorges Dam was carbonates > atmospheric input > evaporites > silicates. These results showed a lithologic control on hydrochemical characteristics. Most sampling sites were suitable for agricultural irrigation according to the water quality assessment. However, indexes sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and soluble sodium percentage (Na%) were higher than 1.0 in Yibin-Luzhou and 30% in Yibin–Chongqing, respectively, suggesting a potential sodium hazard. In addition, except Tuojiang River and Shennong River, the risk of sodium hazard in tributaries was relatively low. High Na+ concentration in irrigation water can damage soil structure and function and ultimately affect agricultural production. Water quality in the upstream of a Piper diagram should attract enough attention.

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Identifying the sources of nitrate contamination using a combined dual isotope, chemical and Bayesian model approach in a tropical agricultural river: Case study in the Mun River, Thailand

Cited by 59 publications

References 34 publications

A Strontium and Hydro-Geochemical Perspective on Human Impacted Tributary of the Mekong River Basin: Sources Identification, Fluxes, and CO2 Consumption

A Strontium and Hydro-Geochemical Perspective on Human Impacted Tributary of the Mekong River Basin: Sources Identification, Fluxes, and CO2 Consumption

Nitrogen Fertilization. A Review of the Risks Associated with the Inefficiency of Its Use and Policy Responses

Major Elements in the Upstream of Three Gorges Reservoir: An Investigation of Chemical Weathering and Water Quality during Flood Events

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