Identifying the K-12 classrooms' indoor air quality factors that affect student academic performance

Quantifying Fenestration Effect on Thermal Comfort in Naturally Ventilated Classrooms

“…pancy load increased, the temperature difference increased for similar inlet conditions. The record of minimum, average and maximum temperature difference between inlet air and all ten locations showed 1.8, 2.3 and 2.7 °C for 0% occupancy load, 2.6, 3.4 and 4.2 °C for 50% occupancy load, 3.2, 4.2 and 5.1 °C for 100% occupancy load of Scenario (5) [CV-N-W3-S-E1] or [DIDO], while the minimum, average and maximum airspeed difference between inlet airspeed and all ten locations' airspeed showed similar results 0.06, 0.07 and 0.08 ms −1 , respectively.…”

“…In this research, occupancy load is characterized by two sources, source of sensible load represented in 10 lamps (100 W per each) and source of humidity represented in two humidifiers. We studied the effect of occupancy on adaptive comfort through three modes of cross ventilation Scenario (5) [CV-N-W3-S-E1] or [DIDO]. Mode (1) when all lamps and humidifiers turned off named as "no occupancy" or "0% of occupancy load", mode (2) when five lamps and one humidifier turned on named as "50% of occupancy load" and, finally, mode (3) when all lamps and humidifiers are turned on named as "100% of occupancy load".…”

“…Several studies [4][5][6][7][8] discussed the relationship between ventilation rate, type, conditions and students' health as well as learning performance. The results of these studies indicate that a sufficient rate of ventilation with an acceptable level of indoor air quality contribute to enhancing students' health and learning performance.…”

Influence of Air Temperature on School Teachers’ Mood and the Perception of Students’ Behavior

“…It seems clear that worse behavior in the classroom could also affect students' final performance. Therefore, classrooms should maintain adequate levels of indoor air quality and thermal comfort [18,19].…”

“…This particular interest in studying the thermal comfort levels of schools aims to improve the conditions of the indoor spaces in which both teachers and students reside for much of the day [13][14][15] as prolonged exposure to extreme conditions ends up affecting physical, cognitive and mood performance [16,17]. Currently, the scientific evidence shows that Sustainability 2021, 13, 9707 2 of 13 there are associations between student academic performance and type of ventilation system, ventilation rates, fine particle counts, and ozone (O 3 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations [18]. The thermal and air quality conditions can reduce the performance by 5-10% for adults and by 15-30% for children [19].…”