Identifying the Configuration Differences of Primary Schools with Different Administrative Affiliations in China

Abstract

Equalization of education facilities, which means the balanced distribution of human and material resources under limited resource conditions, is one of the goals of sustainable development. In the process of rapid urbanization in China, there are apparent discrepancies between urban and rural areas because of different land and household registration systems. Primary schools with three types of different administrative affiliations also have significant distinctions. This study is aimed at assessing and comparing the configuration of primary schools with three different administrative affiliations, including cities, towns, and villages. After building an indicator system, the entropy weight method is applied to calculate the overall and category configuration scores of each school. Based on a spatial database, the ArcGIS thematic maps display the geography characteristic of each school in different geolocations. Moreover, the Kruskal–Wallis test identifies if the configuration of primary schools with different administrative affiliations is equal. The results indicate that the allocation of primary schools with three different administrative affiliations showed a ternary development. Moreover, although primary schools with city affiliation had significant advantages in education quality and convenience, their supply–demand conditions were not optimistic. In addition, the quality of the primary schools subordinate to towns was better, but convenience was generally lower. Finally, the quality of primary schools subordinate to villages and some towns was still poor. The results provide facts and a basis for policymakers to achieve an equity configuration in the sustainable development context.

Urban–rural Differences in Primary School Resources in China: A Case Study of Yuncheng County

“…The adjustment and extension of school land in the county town involve the demolition and reconstruction of adjacent plots. It is difficult for the Public Education Finance Department to afford the costs of demolition and relocation (Sun et al, 2020). Furthermore, the distribution of community resources is the result of a trade-off between commuting distance and school quality (He & Giuliano, 2018).…”

A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Air-Conditioning System Plants Based on Building Performance Simulation and Experiment Information

“…Its basic principle is information theory founded by Shannon in 1948 [12]. Since then, the entropy weight method for evaluation has been gradually established and proved to be scientific to a certain extent in many applications of actual decision-making problems [13,14].…”

“…This means that these three couples of indices are redundant, and a couple of the indices with high significances (XCEc for cooling and XCEh for heating) are adequate for the evaluation. Therefore, the final value of CI should be computed according to Equation (13).…”

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Administratif Guru dan Staf Pendukung di Sekolah (SMP Negeri 28 Surabaya)

“…Salah satu aspek krusial adalah manajemen data siswa. Administrasi yang efektif memastikan bahwa data siswa terkelola dengan baik, termasuk informasi pribadi, hasil tes, dan catatan akademik (Bessho, 2019;Densley, 2021;Sun, 2020;Tran, 2023). Hal ini memungkinkan para pendidik untuk memahami kebutuhan individu siswa dan merancang strategi pembelajaran yang sesuai.…”