Identifying scenarios and risk factors for Q fever outbreaks using qualitative analysis of expert opinion

Tan, Tabita; Hernández‐Jover, Marta; Hayes, Lynne; Wiethoelter, Anke; Firestone, Simon M.; Stevenson, M.A.; Heller, Jane

doi:10.1111/zph.12923

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…An infected intensive dairy goat farm raising thousands of animals resulted in less than two dozen human cases over the course of two years [ 45 ] whereas a single lambing ewe was responsible for hundreds of human cases in less than two months [ 47 ]. The variable epidemic patterns of outbreaks reported in this review emphasizes that Q fever epidemiology is the product of multiple factors that influence the dynamic interactions between hosts, animal reservoirs and the environment [ 5 , 77 , 83 , 84 ]. Several factors such as human density, patterns of land use, human behaviour, host immunity, timing of parturition and meteorological conditions have been found in this review and other studies to contribute to largescale outbreaks and should be considered in addition to other putative risk factors [ 5 , 77 , 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variable epidemic patterns of outbreaks reported in this review emphasizes that Q fever epidemiology is the product of multiple factors that influence the dynamic interactions between hosts, animal reservoirs and the environment [ 5 , 77 , 83 , 84 ]. Several factors such as human density, patterns of land use, human behaviour, host immunity, timing of parturition and meteorological conditions have been found in this review and other studies to contribute to largescale outbreaks and should be considered in addition to other putative risk factors [ 5 , 77 , 83 , 84 ]. However, the unpredictable nature of many of these factors, along with the likely contribution of seldom studied epidemiological parameters, such as duration of infectivity in the environment or efficiency of non-ruminant hosts to transmit infection, is likely to confound our understanding of Q fever outbreaks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A systematic review of global Q fever outbreaks

Tan,

Heller,

Firestone

et al. 2024

One Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of global Q fever outbreaks

Tan,

Heller,

Firestone

et al. 2024

One Health

Self Cite

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“…As an additional note, some abattoir workers refused antibiotic prophylaxis. As it was emphasized by Tan et al (2022), vaccination is considered the ‘highest order’ of effective prevention at reducing the incidence of disease and outbreaks, particularly in abattoirs where workers are routinely immunized, in compliance with occupational health and safety regulations (Tan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of an outbreak of “Q” fever IN an abattoir from Argentina

Cardillo,

Bastos,

García

et al. 2023

Zoonoses and Public Health

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In late October 2021, one of the veterinarians and the occupational physician of a bovine and swine abattoir from Entre Ríos Province, Argentina were alerted about workers with atypical pneumonia symptoms, raising suspicious of a possible Q fever outbreak. An outbreak epidemiological investigation was carried out. Analysis was based on the description of the study population, according to gender, age, symptoms, and position within the abattoir, as well as on outbreak epidemic curve and its probable origin. Cases of Q fever in the workers were confirmed by serology. Measurements of the association between the evaluated variables and the risk of exposure were investigated and calculated as attack rates. The outbreak occurred between October and November 2021, symptomatically affecting 11 workers, out of a total exposed population of 49 individuals. The index case was a 33‐year‐old male who started with symptoms on 27 October 2021, and the outbreak extended for at least 17 days. Workers in the clean zone of the slaughter floor had a 4.68 times higher risk of contracting Q fever than people located in other areas. Importantly, two pregnant cows were slaughtered a few days before the outbreak began, which could have been the origin of the outbreak. The present study demonstrates the urgent need to consider Q fever when diagnosing abortive diseases of ruminants in Argentina, as well as in zoonotic disease epidemiological surveillance to inform all actors of the health system.

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“…The recent outbreak of infections occurring beyond the traditional high-risk workplaces within the community has broadened the perspective of Q fever. It's no longer viewed solely as an industry-related ailment but recognized as a broader public health concern (Tan et al 2022). The concept of One Health serves as a worldwide strategy, fostering collaborative efforts across human Health, animal health, and environmental sectors.…”

Section: Bridging Of Q-fever and One Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Q-Fever and One Health: Integrating Human, Animal, and Environmental Health

2023

IJAB

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In the intricate tapestry of infectious diseases, Q fever emerges as a formidable challenge, transcending species boundaries and demanding a holistic approach. This zoonotic ailment, fueled by the Coxiella burnetii bacterium, underscores the interconnectedness of animal, human, and environmental healtha narrative that unfolds across continents from Australia to the Netherlands. This abstract navigates the historical contours of Q fever, delving into its etiology, transmission dynamics, impact on animals, and the ominous specter it casts on human health. It highlights the global prevalence, with outbreaks resonating from the Australian abattoirs to the extensive Q fever epidemic that gripped the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010.The intricate pathogenesis of C. burnetii, its diverse manifestations in both humans and animals, and the challenges in diagnosis and prevention set the stage for a comprehensive One Health approach. This collaborative strategy, weaving together insights from human health, veterinary science, and environmental studies, emerges as a beacon in the fight against Q fever. Case studies from different corners of the globe, including South Africa, Europe, Australia, the USA, and the Netherlands, showcase the diverse efforts and challenges in implementing the One Health paradigm. The abstract also navigates through direct and indirect diagnostic approaches, underlining the complexity of detecting and managing this elusive pathogen. In conclusion, Q fever serves as a poignant exemplar of the intricate web connecting animals, humans, and the environment. As the world grapples with emerging infectious threats, the One Health approach stands as a crucial strategy, uniting experts across disciplines to safeguard the collective well-being of our planet's inhabitants.

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Identifying scenarios and risk factors for Q fever outbreaks using qualitative analysis of expert opinion

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

A systematic review of global Q fever outbreaks

A systematic review of global Q fever outbreaks

First report of an outbreak of “Q” fever IN an abattoir from Argentina

Q-Fever and One Health: Integrating Human, Animal, and Environmental Health

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