Q-Fever and One Health: Integrating Human, Animal, and Environmental Health

Abstract

In the intricate tapestry of infectious diseases, Q fever emerges as a formidable challenge, transcending species boundaries and demanding a holistic approach. This zoonotic ailment, fueled by the Coxiella burnetii bacterium, underscores the interconnectedness of animal, human, and environmental healtha narrative that unfolds across continents from Australia to the Netherlands. This abstract navigates the historical contours of Q fever, delving into its etiology, transmission dynamics, impact on animals, and the ominous specter it casts on human health. It highlights the global prevalence, with outbreaks resonating from the Australian abattoirs to the extensive Q fever epidemic that gripped the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010.The intricate pathogenesis of C. burnetii, its diverse manifestations in both humans and animals, and the challenges in diagnosis and prevention set the stage for a comprehensive One Health approach. This collaborative strategy, weaving together insights from human health, veterinary science, and environmental studies, emerges as a beacon in the fight against Q fever. Case studies from different corners of the globe, including South Africa, Europe, Australia, the USA, and the Netherlands, showcase the diverse efforts and challenges in implementing the One Health paradigm. The abstract also navigates through direct and indirect diagnostic approaches, underlining the complexity of detecting and managing this elusive pathogen. In conclusion, Q fever serves as a poignant exemplar of the intricate web connecting animals, humans, and the environment. As the world grapples with emerging infectious threats, the One Health approach stands as a crucial strategy, uniting experts across disciplines to safeguard the collective well-being of our planet's inhabitants.