Identifying Heightened Risk for Posttraumatic Symptoms Among Maltreated Youth

Ross, Emma; Kearney, Christopher A.

doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0184-9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, Mezulis, Funasaki, Charbonneau, and Hyde () reported that although male and female participants did not differ at 11 years of age, significantly different cognitive style trajectories were found between ages 11 and 15 years such that female adolescents at age 15 displayed significantly higher levels of cognitive vulnerability than male adolescents. These findings are in line with Ross and Kearney's () work on maltreated youths, in which the authors showed dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions to be associated with heightened PTSS, especially in older youths. However, age and gender differences might be confounded by the type of trauma or maltreatment experienced.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Longitudinal Associations Between Dysfunctional Maltreatment‐Related Cognitions and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents

Haan

Keller

Ganser

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions seem to play an important role in adjustment after traumatic experiences. However, little research has been done on maltreated children and adolescents. Furthermore, possible causal associations between cognitions, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and internalizing and externalizing problems have rarely been investigated. In the current study, 263 maltreated children and adolescents (8–17 years of age) were assessed at baseline and again at time points 6 and either 12 or 18 months later. Cross‐lagged panel analyses were used to gain a better understanding of the course of and associations among dysfunctional maltreatment‐related cognitions, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and internalizing and externalizing problems. Ratings of all variables significantly decreased over time. Moderate to strong autoregressive paths emerged for all variables, denoting stability. Furthermore, the variables showed moderate to high correlations at every assessment. Posttraumatic stress symptoms moderately predicted dysfunctional maltreatment‐related cognitions as well as internalizing and externalizing problems 6 months after baseline. Cross‐lagged paths from the cognitions as well as from internalizing and externalizing problems to all other variables were not significant. Age, gender, and maltreatment characteristics did not play a relevant role in these cross‐lagged associations when they were included as covariates. Our results underline the cognitive scar model, in which preceding posttraumatic stress symptoms adversely impact cognitions. Posttraumatic stress symptoms appear to be an important target for treatment as their reduction may help decrease internalizing and externalizing problems as well.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Longitudinal Associations Between Dysfunctional Maltreatment‐Related Cognitions and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents

Haan

Keller

Ganser

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…The picture is less clear regarding minority status as a risk factor for higher levels of trauma-related symptoms among children. Although differences have not consistently emerged (Godinet, Li, & Berg, 2014; Hatcher, Maschi, Morgen, & Toldson, 2009; Koolick et al, 2016), several studies have reported that minority children exhibit higher levels of trauma-related symptoms (Kilpatrick et al, 2003; Lengua, Long, Smith, & Meltzoff, 2005; Ross & Kearney, 2015; Trickey et al, 2012). Minority status does predict PTSD symptoms, although the amount of variance explained is small (Trickey et al, 2012).…”

Section: Racial Differences In Trauma Exposure and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Differences in Children’s Trauma Symptoms Following Complex Trauma Exposure

Wamser‐Nanney

Cherry

Campbell

et al. 2018

J Interpers Violence

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Complex trauma exposure has been defined as multiple or chronic interpersonal trauma that begins early in life, which leads to widespread dysregulation. Previous studies have reported that minorities may be at greater risk for trauma exposure and symptoms; yet, racial differences have not been investigated in the context of complex trauma. The aim of the present study was to determine if there are racial disparities in children's trauma exposure and outcomes among 167 child survivors of complex trauma (3-18 years, M = 9.90, SD = 3.92; 61.67% female; 62.2% Black). Black children endorsed a greater number of trauma types and were more likely to have experienced community violence and have been placed in child protective custody than White children. Caregivers of White children endorsed higher levels of select internalizing symptoms and social concerns whereas Black children reported higher levels of sexual concerns than White children. White children who experience complex trauma may be at higher risk for some trauma-related difficulties. Alternatively, caregivers of White children may perceive them to have, or be more willing to acknowledge, higher levels of symptoms than Black children. Future work is needed to further investigate the role of race in disclosure of trauma exposure and related symptoms.

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“…(2018), Ozcetin et al. (2009), E. H. Ross and Kearney (2015), C. A. Ross and Ness (2010), Trickett et al.…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“God Spoke to Me”: Subjective Paranormal Experience and the Homeostatic Response to Early Trauma

Marks

2020

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

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The prevalence of reported subjective paranormal experience (SPE) is at high levels in all populations investigated to date. This article presents a new integrative theory of SPE in light of the brain’s homeostatic response to early trauma. I hold that developmental factors in the brain’s responses to trauma predispose victimized individuals towards SPE and paranormal beliefs. I examine the reported associations between childhood abuse, dissociation, depersonalization, compartmentalization, fantasy generation, homeostasis and SPE. A new integrative theory of psychological homeostasis draws upon the mechanisms of dissociation and fantasy generation to explain the origins of SPE. Twelve hypotheses from the Homeostasis Theory are found to be consistent with the findings of multiple studies and falsifying evidence has yet to be identified. Freezing and associated releases of fantasy, which may take the form of SPE, serve as a survival strategy in the homeostatic regaining of safety and control following childhood abuse. Prospective research is necessary to deepen our understanding of the brain mechanisms required by the system described here.

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Identifying Heightened Risk for Posttraumatic Symptoms Among Maltreated Youth

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Longitudinal Associations Between Dysfunctional Maltreatment‐Related Cognitions and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents

Longitudinal Associations Between Dysfunctional Maltreatment‐Related Cognitions and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents

Racial Differences in Children’s Trauma Symptoms Following Complex Trauma Exposure

“God Spoke to Me”: Subjective Paranormal Experience and the Homeostatic Response to Early Trauma

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