Identifying endosymbiont bacteria associated with free‐living amoebae

Goñi, Pilar; Fernández, María Teresa; Rubio, Encarnación Sonia Soriano

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.12363

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…By incubating samples on axenically-grown FLA, and subsequent staining and visualization of microorganisms, the putative development of bacteria inside FLA can be analyzed. Molecular methods, like sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), are subsequently used to identify bacterial isolates [45]. The careful selection of specific FLA for these experiments is necessary since the host range of pathogens might be narrow and, therefore, by choosing the wrong (those not susceptible or insensitive) FLA-strain, the isolation of a specific pathogen might be missed.…”

Section: Host-microorganism Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-Living Amoebae as Hosts for and Vectors of Intracellular Microorganisms with Public Health Significance

Balczun

Scheid

2017

Viruses

129

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Free-living amoebae (FLA) are parasites within both humans and animals causing a wide range of symptoms and act as hosts of, and vehicles for phylogenetically diverse microorganisms, called endocytobionts. The interaction of the FLA with sympatric microorganisms leads to an exceptional diversity within FLA. Some of these bacteria, viruses, and even eukaryotes, can live and replicate intracellularly within the FLA. This relationship provides protection to the microorganisms from external interventions and a dispersal mechanism across various habitats. Among those intracellularly-replicating or -residing organisms there are obligate and facultative pathogenic microorganisms affecting the health of humans or animals and are therefore of interest to Public Health Authorities. Mimiviruses, Pandoraviruses, and Pithoviruses are examples for interesting viral endocytobionts within FLA. Future research is expected to reveal further endocytobionts within free-living amoebae and other protozoa through co-cultivation studies, genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses.

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Section: Host-microorganism Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-Living Amoebae as Hosts for and Vectors of Intracellular Microorganisms with Public Health Significance

Balczun

Scheid

2017

Viruses

129

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“…Free-living amoebae can also act as reservoirs of pathogenic bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Vibrio cholerae , Legionella species including Legionella pneumophila, and environmental Mycobacterium species as reviewed by Goñi et al [ 14 ]. These “amoebae resistant bacteria” (ARB) are able to infect and resist the digestive process of FLA, survive, multiply, and exit FLA enabling them to spread and colonize aquatic water systems [ 15 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Free-Living Amoebae Using Amoebal Enrichment in a Wastewater Treatment Plant of Gauteng Province, South Africa

Muchesa

Mwamba

Barnard

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Free-living amoebae pose a potential health risk in water systems as they may be pathogenic and harbor potential pathogenic bacteria known as amoebae resistant bacteria. Free-living amoebae were observed in 150 (87.2%) of the environmental water samples. In particular, Acanthamoeba sp. was identified in 22 (12.8%) using amoebal enrichment and confirmed by molecular analysis. FLA were isolated in all 8 stages of the wastewater treatment plant using the amoebal enrichment technique. A total of 16 (9.3%) samples were positive for FLA from influent, 20 (11.6%) from bioreactor feed, 16 (9.3%) from anaerobic zone, 16 (9.3%) from anoxic zone, 32 (18.6%) from aerators, 16 (9.3%) from bioreactor effluent, 11 (6.4%) from bioreactor final effluent, and 45 (26.2%) from maturation pond. This study provides baseline information on the occurrence of amoebae in wastewater treatment plant. This has health implications on receiving water bodies as some FLA are pathogenic and are also involved in the transmission and dissemination of pathogenic bacteria.

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“…, and potential emergent pathogens such as Parachlamydia acanthamoebae , Legionella ‐like amoebal pathogens (LLAPs), and others have been detected in many free‐living naked amoebae species (Goñi et al. ; Greub and Raoult ; Horn and Wagner ; Molmeret et al. ; Pagnier et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Legionella‐Like Bacteria Associated with Testate Amoebae of the Genus Arcella (Arcellinida: Amoebozoa)

Gomaa

Gersh

Cavanaugh

2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Diverse species of Legionella and Legionella-like amoebal pathogens (LLAPs) have been identified as intracellular bacteria in many amoeboid protists. There are, however, other amoeboid groups such as testate amoeba for which we know little about their potential to host such bacteria. In this study, we assessed the occurrence and diversity of Legionella spp. in cultures and environmental isolates of freshwater arcellinid testate amoebae species, Arcella hemispherica, Arcella intermedia, and Arcella vulgaris, via 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that A. hemispherica, A. intermedia, and A. vulgaris host Legionella-like bacteria with 94-98% identity to other Legionella spp. based on NCBI BLAST search. Phylogenetic analysis placed Legionella-like Arcella-associated bacteria (LLAB) in three different clusters within a tree containing all other members of Legionella and LLAPs. The intracellular localization of the Legionella within Arcella hosts was confirmed using FISH with a Legionella-specific probe. This study demonstrates that the host range of Legionella and Legionella-like bacteria in the Amoebozoa extends beyond members of "naked" amoebae species, with members of the testate amoebae potentially serving an ecological role in the dispersal, protection, and replication of Legionella spp. in natural environments.

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Identifying endosymbiont bacteria associated with free‐living amoebae

Cited by 25 publications

References 93 publications

Free-Living Amoebae as Hosts for and Vectors of Intracellular Microorganisms with Public Health Significance

Free-Living Amoebae as Hosts for and Vectors of Intracellular Microorganisms with Public Health Significance

Detection of Free-Living Amoebae Using Amoebal Enrichment in a Wastewater Treatment Plant of Gauteng Province, South Africa

Diverse Legionella‐Like Bacteria Associated with Testate Amoebae of the Genus Arcella (Arcellinida: Amoebozoa)

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