“…In vitro work so far has combined mainly whole embryo culture and transcriptomics (Luijten et al, 2010) or the EST with metabolomics (Kleinstreuer et al, 2011;West et al, 2010), proteomics (Groebe et al, 2010;Klemm et al, 2008;Klemm and Schrattenholz, 2004;Seiler and Spielmann, 2011) or transcriptomics, as summarized recently (van Dartel and Piersma, 2011). These approaches use patterns or biomarkers derived from a training set of substances to identify substances with similar mode of action.…”