Identifying contrasting themes that orchestrate personality expression across situations

Bedford-Petersen, Cianna; Saucier, Gerard

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110495

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The first weeks and months of pandemic brought substantial changes in people's lives together with unknown threats. Feeling of lack of control over the pandemic, which is associated with increased level of disinformation and conspiracy theories ( Šrol et al, 2021 ), can increase the level of perceived threats and this perception has the potential to elicit some personality expressions ( Bedford-Petersen & Saucier, 2021 ). On the other hand, in the second pandemic wave people got used to restrictions and changes in daily lives ( Levkovich & Shinan-Altman, 2020 ) and their anxiety decreased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Five predictors of pandemic-related behavior and emotions in the first and second COVID-19 pandemic wave in Slovakia

Kohút

Kohútová

Haľama

2021

Personality and Individual Differences

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This study explores the effect of Big Five personality traits on behavioral and emotional responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Personality traits of 248 Slovak persons were assessed twice before the pandemic using the Big Five Inventory 2. Behavioral and emotional responses to the pandemic were collected during the first and second pandemic wave (April and September 2020). The results showed a statistically significant decrease in all response domains and in COVID-19 fear between the first and the second pandemic wave, suggesting that psychological adaptation to the pandemic occurred during the interim period. The results identified several meaningful links between the traits and pandemic-related behavior and emotions, especially for neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness. However, the effects of personality were higher for the first pandemic wave, suggesting that these effects vary across time probably because of changes in pandemic perception in the society.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Five predictors of pandemic-related behavior and emotions in the first and second COVID-19 pandemic wave in Slovakia

Kohút

Kohútová

Haľama

2021

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…Big Five Traits and Coping Strategies in University Students During the Pandemic below for studies on this issue). It is also worth noting that, in general, the feeling of lack of control over the unknown threats due to the outbreak of the pandemic is generally associated with misinformation and conspiracy theories ( Šrol et al, 2021 ), in turn increasing the intensity of the perceived danger and the probability to activate personality expressions ( Bedford-Petersen and Saucier, 2021 ). We anticipate that most of the studies which are commented on within this paragraph were conducted with adults (and not specifically with university students) during the first wave of the pandemic (i.e., Bogg and Milad, 2020 ; Carvalho et al, 2020 ; Chan et al, 2020 ; Muto et al, 2020 ; Nofal et al, 2020 ; Qian and Yahara, 2020 ; Zajenkowski et al, 2020 ; Aschwanden et al, 2021 ; Blagov, 2021 ; Fink et al, 2021 ; Götz et al, 2021 ; Kocjan et al, 2021 ; Kohút et al, 2021 ; Nikčević et al, 2021 ; Schmiedeberg and Thönnissen, 2021 ; Zettler et al, 2021 ; Abdelrahman, 2022 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Five personality traits and coping strategies of Italian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic first wave

2023

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IntroductionLittle is known about the role personality traits may have played for university students in diminishing and compensating for the negative impact of COVID-19 in its early phases, promoting adaptive coping. University students represent a population which was consistently obliged to follow social distance rules due to the early shift of many organizations from face-to-face to online learning. Therefore, it is worth exploring whether the Big Five traits acted as risk or protective factors after the outbreak of a disaster such as the COVID-19 pandemic for Italian university students.MethodsWe involved a sample of 2,995 university students who completed an online survey in March 2020. We measured the Big Five personality traits through the Big Five Inventory-2-XS and their coping strategies through the Robust—Pandemic Coping Scale. The latter assessed four COVID-19-related coping dimensions, namely Despair (e.g., including helplessness and feeling lack of control), Aversion (e.g., referring to oppositive strategies), Proactivity (e.g., comprising problem solving and information seeking), and Adjustment (e.g., concerning reappraisal and assertiveness).ResultsPreliminarily, two Linear Mixed Models indicated that university students had higher scores in Conscientiousness, followed by Open-Mindedness, and then Agreeableness. These three traits were, in turn, higher than Extraversion and Negative Emotionality, which did not differ among them. Concerning coping, university students reacted more frequently utilizing adaptive strategies (with Proactivity used more frequently than Adjustment) rather than maladaptive strategies (with Despair higher than Aversion). A Path Analysis examining the relations between the Big Five traits and the four coping dimensions showed that Negative Emotionality can be considered as a risk factor, and that Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Open-Mindedness can be conceptualized as protective factors. More interestingly, we found that Extraversion entailed both a risk and a protective role for Italian university students after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.DiscussionNotwithstanding limitations, these findings can be the basis for developing disaster preparation and prevention actions, aiming at promoting students’ positive coping towards current and future disasters.

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“…In contrast, Nikčević et al observed that extraversion and conscientiousness positively influenced psychological wellbeing during the pandemic ( 23 ). The inconsistent findings may be due to two reasons: first, such studies did not take different situations into account (e.g., college lockdown or quarantine) ( 24 ); second, they did not examine the effect of personality traits on certain symptoms of psychological distress. The reason that the present study explored individual symptoms rather than the whole picture of wellbeing or distress lies in the fact that psychiatric symptoms have been argued to have internal relationships between each other rather than being effects of common association ( 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifarious Linkages Between Personality Traits and Psychological Distress During and After COVID-19 Campus Lockdown: A Psychological Network Analysis

Liu

Xia

2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundThe novel coronavirus disease pandemic is still proliferating and is not expected to end any time soon. Several lockdowns and social distancing measures might be implemented in the future. A growing body of research has explored the effect of personality on individuals' psychological wellbeing during the pandemic. However, most prior studies have not discussed the dynamic and reciprocal transactions between personality and psychological distress in various situations. Therefore, this study aims to explore the internal mechanisms of the ways in which certain personality traits triggered specific symptoms during and after college lockdown, by using network analysis.MethodsBased on survey data from 525 university students in China, the study detected the connection between individual personality and psychological distress through network analysis. Of the participants, 70.1% were female, and 20.9% were male. The mean age of the participants was 19.701 (SD = 1.319) years. We estimated networks via two steps: First, two networks that only contain the Big Five personality traits and the six symptoms of psychological distress during and after the lockdown measure were estimated. Second, we add control variables and re-estimated the networks to check whether the linkages among the Big Five personality traits and the six symptoms of psychological distress observed in the first step were stable. Moreover, we employed strength centrality as the key indicator to present the potential significance of diverse variables within a network.ResultsThe findings demonstrate that, first, “depress” was the central symptom in the network during the college lockdown, while “efforts” was the central symptom after the lockdown. Second, the symptoms of “restless” and “worthless” significantly declined after the lockdown. Third, we found that there is an internal mechanism through which personality affected certain psychological symptoms during and after lockdowns. Specifically, neuroticism triggered certain symptoms during and after the lockdown, while extraversion and conscientiousness suppressed certain symptoms. Substantial evidence on internal linkages is imperative to develop effective interventions.ConclusionThis study explores the internal mechanisms of the ways in which certain personality traits trigger specific symptoms. Overall, our results provide empirical evidence that personality traits play a key role in how individuals with certain traits respond to college lockdown during a pandemic. The study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it is among the first few studies which explores the effects of personality traits on individual psychological distress using network analysis during the pandemic.

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Identifying contrasting themes that orchestrate personality expression across situations

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Big Five predictors of pandemic-related behavior and emotions in the first and second COVID-19 pandemic wave in Slovakia

Big Five predictors of pandemic-related behavior and emotions in the first and second COVID-19 pandemic wave in Slovakia

Big Five personality traits and coping strategies of Italian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic first wave

Multifarious Linkages Between Personality Traits and Psychological Distress During and After COVID-19 Campus Lockdown: A Psychological Network Analysis

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