Identifying Canadian mosquito species through DNA barcodes

Abstract

A short fragment of mt DNA from the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) region was used to provide the first CO1 barcodes for 37 species of Canadian mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the provinces Ontario and New Brunswick. Sequence variation was analysed in a 617-bp fragment from the 5' end of the CO1 region. Sequences of each mosquito species formed barcode clusters with tight cohesion that were usually clearly distinct from those of allied species. CO1 sequence divergences were, on average, nearly 20 times higher for congeneric species than for members of a species; divergences between congeneric species averaged 10.4% (range 0.2-17.2%), whereas those for conspecific individuals averaged 0.5% (range 0.0-3.9%).

DNA barcoding for identification of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

“…e results were in accordance with studies on mosquitoes in Canada (Cywinska et al, 2006) and India (Kumar et al, 2007). e averages of mean nucleotide divergence for intra-and interspeci c mosquitoes among the genera Anopheles, Aedes and Culex were similar to the results for Canadian mosquito species reported by Cywinska et al (2006).…”

“…e averages of mean nucleotide divergence for intra-and interspeci c mosquitoes among the genera Anopheles, Aedes and Culex were similar to the results for Canadian mosquito species reported by Cywinska et al (2006).…”

“…Recently, DNA barcoding tools have been examined for identi cation of mosquitoes in Canada and India (Cywinska et al, 2006;Kumar et al, 2007), and the utility is promising. However, to date, no study using DNA barcoding has yet been conducted for the identication of mosquito species in Japan.…”

“…Conventional mosquito classi cation has been carried out in Japan based on morphological characteristics of adults and larvae (Bohart and Ingram, 1946;La Casse and Yamaguti, 1955;Tanaka et al, 1979;Toma and Miyagi, 1986). is conventional method is time-consuming, requires high taxonomic knowledge and is not always su cient for identi cation to the species level, especially in the case of mosquitoes such as sibling species and damaged specimens (Cywinska et al, 2006;Kumar et al, 2007). Recently, a variety of DNA based techniques such as DNA hybridization (Beebe et al, 1996), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (Goswami et al, 2005;Santolamazza et al, 2004), random ampli ed polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Sucharit and Komalamisra, 1997), polymerase chain reac- Med.…”

Polymorphism of mitochondrial COI and nuclear ribosomal ITS2 in the Culex pipiens complex and in Culex torrentium (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Mitochondrial DNA is often used in phylogenetic studies of insects, including mosquitoes (e.g., Morlais, Severson 2002;Rasgon et al, 2006;Cywinska et al, 2006;Kumar et al, 2007;Paudan, Ribolla, 2008). It is believed that nucleotide substitutions in mtDNA occur with about constant rate in the evolutionary time, and this allows one to estimate the time of a divergence (DeSalle et al, 1987).…”