Identifikasi Thrips alliorum (Priesner), Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan), dan Thrips parvispinus (Karny) berdasarkan variasi DNA COI mitokondria

Abstract

ABSTRAKGenus Thrips adalah genus kedua terbesar Ordo Thysanoptera yang sebagian besar anggotanya bersifat polifag dan beberapa spesies merupakan hama serius pada tanaman sayuran. Kerusakan yang ditimbulkan oleh trips dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil 30-50%. Thrips alliorum (Priesner), T. hawaiiensis (Morgan), dan T. parvispinus (Karny) banyak dilaporkan menjadi hama pada pertanaman terutama pertanaman hortikultura. Penggunaan karakter molekuler, seperti runutan DNA fragmen gen Cytochrome Oxydase I mitokondria (mtCOI) dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi spesies atau konfirmasi hasil identifikasi dengan menggunakan karakter morfologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi T. alliorum, T. hawaiiensis, dan T. parvispinus berdasarkan runutan DNA fragmen gen mtCOI. Identifikasi molekular dilakukan melalui tiga tahap, yaitu koleksi sampel dan isolasi DNA, amplifikasi DNA menggunakan polimerase chain reaction (PCR), dan analisis hasil runutan DNA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa runutan DNA fragmen mtCOI T. alliorum, T. hawaiiensis, dan T. parvispinus memiliki panjang basa 678, 690, dan 668 pb yang didominasi oleh basa A dan T dengan nilai variasi nukleotida sebesar 25,18%. Identifikasi tiga spesies trips T. alliorum, T. hawaiiensis, dan T. parvispinus berdasarkan runutan DNA fragmen mtCOI menunjukkan hasil yang sama dengan identifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Kata kunci: COI, hama, mitokondria, sekuen, taksonomi ABSTRACTThrips is the second largest genus on the order of Thysanoptera, most of them are polyphagous and some species are serious pests on vegetables. The damages caused by thrips can reach 30-50% yield loss. Thrips alliorum (Priesner), T. hawaiiensis (Morgan), and T. parvispinus (Karny) are widely reported as pests on crops, especially on horticulture. This study aimed to identify three trhips species: Thrips alliorum, T. hawaiiensis, and T. parvispinus based on the DNA sequences of mtCOI gene fragment. Thrips samples were collected from Bandung, Bogor, Cianjur, and Kuningan districts. Three steps, they were sample collection and DNA total extraction, amplification by using PCR and DNA sequence analysis. The PCR succesfully amplified DNA of mtCOI gene fragments of T. alliorum, T. hawaiiensis, and T. parvispinus at 678, 690, and 668 bp respectively. The mtCOI DNA sequences were dominated by A and T bases with the nucleotide variation value of 25.18%. Identification of the three thrips species: T. alliorum, T. hawaiiensis, and T. parvispinus based on molecular characters using mtCOI DNA sequences confirmed the identification result based on the morphological caharacters.

Response of Insects to the Light and Coloured Sticky Traps

“…Fruit fly pests cause fruit to rot and become curled and eventually fall out, thereby reducing production by 30-40%, even in certain commodities such as papaya, guava, and starfruit can lead to crop failure [5]. Likewise, thrips pests which attack the flowers and shoots of red chili have the potential to thwart fruit formation and reduce yields by 30-50% [6]. Control that has been carried out by farmers is to use synthetic chemical insecticides which have become a guarantee of success in farming farmers (dependence on synthetic chemical insecticides).…”