Identifikasi status gizi, somatotipe, asupan makan dan cairan pada atlet atletik remaja di Indonesia

Abstract

Athletes’ nutrition status, somatotype, and adequate dietary intake are strongly related to their sport performance. Examining those markers in adolescent age is essential in order to develop the optimum physical characteristics for the future. This study was conducted to identify the nutrition status based on anthropometry value, somatotype, food and fluid intake of youth athletic athletes in Indonesia. Descriptive quantitative design was used in this study. Subjects participated in the study were 25 youth athletic athletes from Students Education and Training Program (Program Pembinaan dan Pelatihan Pelajar) in Yogyakarta and Aceh, and School of Sports (Sekolah Keolahragaan) Ragunan, Jakarta Selatan. Anthropometry measurement consists of body weight, height, body fat percentage, and somatotype. Nutrition status was identified according to BMI/age and height/age. Food and fluid intake were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall interview and semi quantitative fluid frequency questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and the result was presented in mean and deviation standard. BMI/age values in male and female athletes were -2 SD ≤ Z ≥ +1 SD (normal) and +1 SD ≤ Z ≥ +2 SD (overweight), respectively. Height/age value for both gender was normal in -2 SD ≤ Z ≥ +2 SD. Percentage of body fat ranged in 12-16% for males and 18-28% for females. Somatotype category for males was ectomorphic mesomorph (2.3-5.0-3.3) and endomorphic mesomorph (4.4-5.6-2.0) for females. Fulfillment of energy and carbohydrate was found inadequate (< 80%), whereas fat intake was found excess (> 110%). Total fluid intake was ranged from 2700 ml to 5800 ml per day. Overweight nutrition status was still found in female athletes. Ideal somatotype was found only in male athletes. Excessive percentage of body fat was detected in both gender. Total energy, macro nutrients, micro nutrients, and fluid intake were inadequate compared to dietary recommendation.

Hubungan antara Asupan Zat Gizi dan Pertumbuhan Tinggi Badan pada Atlet Remaja di Indonesia: A Cross Sectional Study

“…Anthropometric measurements in athletes are aimed to determine the nutritional status based on measurements of weight, height, BMI, and other anthropometric aspects 12 . These also needed to determine the physical conditions related to athletic performance.…”

“…Athletes' nutritional status is one of the important factors affecting their performance, especially for adolescent athletes. Nutritional status assessment in adolescent athletes is essential to observe the optimal growth and development of athletes 12 . Nutritional status determination in adolescence can be measured based on height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index-for-age (BMI for age).…”

Analisis kebijakan penempatan ahli gizi sebagai tenaga keolahragaan Indonesia

“…Berbagai studi pada atlet di Indonesia juga mengungkapkan terjadinya asupan zat gizi yang tidak seimbang, seperti yang ditemukan pada atlet pelajar di berbagai pusat pembinaan atlet (Penggalih et al, 2016;Penggalih et al, 2019). Kajian yang dilakukan oleh (Tahir et al, 2019) di PPLP Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan menyatakan bahwa kecukupan energi tergolong sangat kurang, karbohidrat dan protein tergolong kurang, serta lemak tergolong normal.…”

Barriers and potential facilitators to implement nutrition care program in athletes’ training centers in Indonesia

“…Globally, various studies described that athletes are vulnerable to nutrition deficiencies, whether in junior athletes (Kim et al, 2019;Michael et al, 2019) or elite athletes (Jenner et al, 2018;Ong and Brownlee, 2017). Studies in Indonesian youth athletes showed that inadequate nutrition intake was frequently found in sport schools and athlete training centers (Penggalih et al, 2016(Penggalih et al, , 2017(Penggalih et al, , 2018. The flawed nutrition intervention strategy, lack of education about nutrition's importance for athletic performance, and the absence of nutritionist role in the sport management team were some of the reasons for the nutritional problems in athletes (Jenner et al, 2018).…”