Identification, virulence factors characterization, pathogenicity and aggressiveness analysis of Fusarium spp., causing wheat head blight in Iran

Khaledi, Nima; Taheri, Parissa; Rastegar, M Falahati

doi:10.1007/s10658-016-1059-7

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Isolates FH1 of F. graminearum and FH9 of F. culmorum belonging to the nivalenol (NIV) chemotype obtained from symptomatic wheat plants in the Golestan province of Iran and deposited in the fungal culture collection of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, were used to determine sources of resistance to FHB (Khaledi et al 2017). The isolates were grown at 25°C with alternate cycles of 12 : 12 h L : D on potato dextrose agar (PDA).…”

Section: Fungal Isolates and Inoculum Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of resistance and the role of some defense responses in wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight

Khaledi¹,

Taheri²,

Falahati-Rastegar³

2018

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum are the causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops worldwide. Application of resistant cultivars is the most effective and economic method for management of FHB and reducing mycotoxin production in wheat. Understanding the physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in basal resistance of wheat to FHB disease is limited. In this research, after screening resistance levels of eighteen wheat cultivars planted in Iran, Gaskozhen and Falat were identified as partially resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars against Fusarium spp., respectively. Also, we investigated the role of hydroxyl radical (OH − ), nitric oxide (NO), callose deposition, lipid peroxidation and protein content in basal resistance of wheat to the hemi-biotrophic and necrotrophic Fusarium species causing FHB. Nitric oxide as a signaling molecule may be involved in physiological and defensive processes in plants. Our results showed that NO generation increased in seedlings and spikes of wheat cultivars after inoculation with Fusarium species. We observed earlier and stronger callose deposition at early time points after infection by Fusarium spp. isolates than in non-infected plants, which was positively related to the resistance levels in wheat cultivars. Higher levels of OH − and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (as a marker of lipid peroxidation) were observed in the Falat than in the Gaskozhen cultivar, under non-infected and infected conditions. So, estimation of lipid peroxidation could be useful to evaluate cultivars' susceptibility. These findings can provide novel insights for better recognition of physiological and biochemical markers of FHB resistance, which could be used for rapid screening of resistance levels in wheat cultivars against this destructive fungal disease.

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Section: Fungal Isolates and Inoculum Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of resistance and the role of some defense responses in wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight

Khaledi¹,

Taheri²,

Falahati-Rastegar³

2018

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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“…Further, the growth of the fungus occurs between the cells and it passes from the xylem and the pits and colonizes the tissue, forming necrosis. This leads to the water soaking tissues causing the production of shriveled kernels and premature bleaching that affects photosynthesis [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. After the infection, genes for deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis are expressed by the fungus, facilitating the spreading of the pathogen from spikelets to rachis [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Hydrochloride Decreases Fusarium graminearum Growth and Virulence and Boosts Growth, Development and Systemic Acquired Resistance in Two Durum Wheat Genotypes

et al. 2020

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease for cereals. FHB is managed by fungicides at anthesis, but their efficacy is variable. Conventional fungicides accumulate in the soil and are dangerous for animal and human health. This study assayed the antifungal ability of chitosan hydrochloride against Fusarium graminearum. Chitosan reduced F. graminearum growth and downregulated the transcript of the major genes involved in the cell growth, respiration, virulence, and trichothecenes biosynthesis. Chitosan promoted the germination rate, the root and coleoptile development, and the nitrogen balance index in two durum wheat genotypes, Marco Aurelio (FHB-susceptible) and DBC480 (FHB-resistant). Chitosan reduced FHB severity when applied on spikes or on the flag leaves. FHB severity in DBC480 was of 6% at 21 dpi after chitosan treatments compared to F. graminearum inoculated control (20%). The elicitor-like property of chitosan was confirmed by the up-regulation of TaPAL, TaPR1 and TaPR2 (around 3-fold). Chitosan decreased the fungal spread and mycotoxins accumulation. This study demonstrated that the non-toxic chitosan is a powerful molecule with the potential to replace the conventional fungicides. The combination of a moderately resistant genotype (DBC480) with a sustainable compound (chitosan) will open new frontiers for the reduction of conventional compounds in agriculture.

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“…(2017) have reported activities of both CL and LC in Corynespora cassiicola . It has been suggested that CWDEs are important pathogenic factors in some types of plant tissue necrosis (Khalediet al, 2017). On the other hand, in order to protect themselves from external invasion, plants often respond to pathogenic infection by activating defence mechanisms, and different hosts can show different resistance responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell‐wall‐degrading enzymes produced by sesame leaf spot pathogen Corynespora cassiicola

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2020

Journal of Phytopathology

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Corynespora leaf spot (CLS) is one of the most important diseases in sesame and is caused by a fungal pathogen, Corynespora cassiicola. In this study, we investigated the role of cell‐wall‐degrading enzymes (CWDEs) in the process of pathogen infection and aimed to identify the enzyme that exerts positive effect. Corynespora cassiicola was inoculated in liquid culture and in sesame leaf. At 7 days postinoculation, CWDEs including polygalacturonase (PG), cellulase (CL), neutral xylanase (NEX) and laccase (LC) were detected in the supernatant and leaf extracts inoculated with Corynespora cassiicola. The result showed that the activities of LC and NEX were higher in liquid culture, while the activities of CL and PG were lower. In the sesame leaf infected by Corynespora cassiicola, the activity of NEX was the highest, those of CL and LC were the second highest and that of PG was the weakest, which indicated that NEX was the key enzyme in the process of sesame infection by Corynespora cassiicola. Secondly, the activities of the CWDEs secreted by Corynespora cassiicola were disparate in different sesame varieties. CWDEs activities of cultivar Jz were generally higher than cultivar Hn, and the activity change curve of Jz was also steeper than that of Hn. This indicates that the resistance mechanism of Hn may inhibit the activities of CWDEs and that the appearance and expansion of leaf necrosis spot is related to the comprehensive accumulation and action of various CWDEs. This is the first report investigating the association between CWDEs and pathogenesis of Corynespora cassiicola, causing Corynespora leaf spot in sesame.

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Identification, virulence factors characterization, pathogenicity and aggressiveness analysis of Fusarium spp., causing wheat head blight in Iran

Cited by 36 publications

References 104 publications

Evaluation of resistance and the role of some defense responses in wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight

Evaluation of resistance and the role of some defense responses in wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight

Chitosan Hydrochloride Decreases Fusarium graminearum Growth and Virulence and Boosts Growth, Development and Systemic Acquired Resistance in Two Durum Wheat Genotypes

Cell‐wall‐degrading enzymes produced by sesame leaf spot pathogen Corynespora cassiicola

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