Identification of two endophytic fungi that control Septoria tritici blotch in the field, using a structured screening approach

Latz, M.; Jensen, Birgit; Collinge, David B.; Jørgensen, Hans Jørgen Lyngs

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104128

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The major fungal genera observed as endophytic colonists of wheat in this study have also been found as dominating in previous studies of the fungal communities on wheat, one of the most prevalent ones being Fusarium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Microdochium, Zymoseptoria and Blumeria [40,64]. Species belonging to the genera Clonostachys, Penicillium, and Acremonium have previously been reported as potential biocontrol agents of wheat diseases as Fusarium head blight and Septoria tritici blotch [65][66][67], therefore presence of these genera is of potential interest for future studies. Surprisingly, one cultivar displayed relatively high abundance of the foliar pathogen Blumeria in the roots, which was likely the result of a contamination during sample processing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Succession of the Fungal Endophytic Microbiome in Wheat is Dependent on Tissue-Specific Interactions of Host Genotype and Environment

Latz

Kerrn

Sørensen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Fungi living inside seeds, leaves and roots of plants affect many aspects of plant health. Understanding the role of plant genotype, presence of fungal inoculum in the environment, abiotic environmental factors, and interaction of those factors in shaping the plant-associated fungal microbiome is of great relevance for modern agriculture. This knowledge can have direct implications in plant disease management, plant breeding, and development of microorganism-based biocontrol agents. These are important tools also in the context of increasing sustainability and adaption of crop production to a changing climate. In order to disentangle the effects of host genotype, environmental factors, and fungi present in seed stock, air and soil on endophytic fungal communities over one generation, we conducted a large-scale pot experiment with closely related cultivars of wheat over one growth-season. We studied fungi present inside the plants (endophytic fungi), in soil and air with metabarcoding, and monitored abiotic factors during the experimental period.Results: Abiotic environmental factors, wheat genotype, and wheat tissue type were all found to influence fungal communities significantly. While the effect of wheat genotype was limited, there was evidence for host genetic control of fungal communities in leaves and roots but not in seeds. The degree of relatedness between wheat cultivars and resistance levels to the leaf disease STB was not reflected in the microbiome. The effect of host genetic control on the fungal community did not differ between abiotic environments. For the phyllosphere, abiotic environmental factors largely explained differences in fungal community abundance, diversity, and presence of pathogens between the locations, whereas location-dependent differences affected the rhizosphere communities to an only small extent. We found indications that airborne fungi are the primary source of inoculum for above-ground fungal communities of wheat, since a large proportion of leaf-associated fungi were also present in the air but not in soil and seed stocks.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates how the factors genotype, environment, and presence of fungi in the environment shape the endophytic fungal community in wheat over one growing season.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Succession of the Fungal Endophytic Microbiome in Wheat is Dependent on Tissue-Specific Interactions of Host Genotype and Environment

Latz

Kerrn

Sørensen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Similarly, the introduction of STB-resistant varieties into agricultural systems has driven the evolution of Z. tritici to overcome host resistance [ 8 ]. Therefore, strategies for controlling STB disease are now multifaceted, combining resistance gene/genetic loci discovery and breeding for resistance [ 9 – 11 ], integrated pest management systems [ 12 ], innovations in fungicide chemistry [ 4 ], and the exploration of biological control [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the resistance of a synthetically-derived wheat to Septoria tritici blotch disease: less is more

et al. 2020

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Background Little is known about the initial, symptomless (latent) phase of the devastating wheat disease Septoria tritici blotch. However, speculations as to its impact on fungal success and disease severity in the field have suggested that a long latent phase is beneficial to the host and can reduce inoculum build up in the field over a growing season. The winter wheat cultivar Stigg is derived from a synthetic hexaploid wheat and contains introgressions from wild tetraploid wheat Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides , which contribute to cv. Stigg’s exceptional STB resistance, hallmarked by a long latent phase. We compared the early transcriptomic response to Zymoseptoria tritici of cv. Stigg to a susceptible wheat cultivar, to elucidate the mechanisms of and differences in pathogen recognition and disease response in these two hosts. Results The STB-susceptible cultivar Longbow responds to Z. tritici infection with a stress response, including activation of hormone-responsive transcription factors, post translational modifications, and response to oxidative stress. The activation of key genes associated with these pathways in cv. Longbow was independently observed in a second susceptible wheat cultivar based on an independent gene expression study. By comparison, cv. Stigg is apathetic in response to STB, and appears to fail to activate a range of defence pathways that cv. Longbow employs. Stigg also displays some evidence of sub-genome bias in its response to Z. tritici infection, whereas the susceptible cv. Longbow shows even distribution of Z. tritici responsive genes across the three wheat sub-genomes. Conclusions We identify a suite of disease response genes that are involved in early pathogen response in susceptible wheat cultivars that may ultimately lead to susceptibility. In comparison, we hypothesise that rather than an active defence response to stave off disease progression, cv. Stigg’s defence strategy is molecular lethargy, or a lower-amplitude of pathogen recognition that may stem from cv. Stigg’s wild wheat-derived ancestry. Overall, we present insights into cv. Stigg’s exceptional resistance to STB, and present key biological processes for further characterisation in this pathosystem.

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“…In recent years, a large number of studies have reported the antagonistic effect of endophytic fungi upon phytopathogenic ones ( De Silva et al, 2019 ; da Costa Silveira et al, 2020 ; Rojas et al, 2020 ). This effect is generally due to the production of secondary metabolites with bioactivity against these pathogens ( Huang et al, 2015 ; Serrano et al, 2017 ; Latz et al, 2019 ). C. acutatum is one of the species of phytopathogenic fungi identified as a causal agent of anthracnose in citrus hosts ( Damm et al, 2012 ; Barquero et al, 2013 ; Ben Hadj Daoud et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Endophytes of Tahiti Lime (Citrus citrus × latifolia) and Their Potential for Control of Colletotrichum acutatum J. H. Simmonds Causing Anthracnose

Muñoz-Guerrero

Sierra

Álvarez

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Colletotrichum acutatum is one of the causal agents of anthracnose in several crops, and of post-flowering fruit drop (PFD) in citrus and key lime anthracnose (KLA). The pathogen normally attacks flowers, causing lesions only in open flowers. Under very favorable conditions, however, it can also affect flower buds and small fruits, causing complete rotting of the fruit and a premature fall, resulting in major economic crop losses. We isolated endophytic fungi from Tahiti lime to evaluate its diversity, verify its antagonistic capacity against the phytopathogen Colletotrichum acutatum C-100 in dual tests, and evaluate the ability of various endophytic agents to control flowers with induced anthracnose. 138 fungal isolates were obtained from 486 fragments of branches, leaves, and fruit; from which 15 species were identified morphologically. A higher isolation frequency was found in branches and leaves, with a normal level of diversity compared to other citrus species. Of the 15 morphospecies, 5 were trialed against C. acutatum in antagonism tests, resulting in a finding of positive inhibition. 2 endophytic fungi from the antagonism tests demonstrated high inhibition of the phytopathogen, and were thus used in in vivo tests with Tahiti lime flowers, applied in a spore solution. Spore solutions of two molecularly identified species, Xylaria adscendens, and Trichoderma atroviride, reduced the lesions caused by the phytopathogen in these in vivo tests. The finding that these endophytes react antagonistically against C. acutatum may make them good candidates for further biological control research in an agroindustry that requires environmental sustainability.

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Identification of two endophytic fungi that control Septoria tritici blotch in the field, using a structured screening approach

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

Succession of the Fungal Endophytic Microbiome in Wheat is Dependent on Tissue-Specific Interactions of Host Genotype and Environment

Succession of the Fungal Endophytic Microbiome in Wheat is Dependent on Tissue-Specific Interactions of Host Genotype and Environment

Insights into the resistance of a synthetically-derived wheat to Septoria tritici blotch disease: less is more

Fungal Endophytes of Tahiti Lime (Citrus citrus × latifolia) and Their Potential for Control of Colletotrichum acutatum J. H. Simmonds Causing Anthracnose

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