Identification of triacylglycerols in archaelogical organic residues by core–shell reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry

Saliu, Francesco; Degano, Ilaria; Colombini, Maria Perla

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.049

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The mass spectra in principle allow further identification options regarding the number of unsaturated carbon bonds. The distribution of such TAGs can provide further information for identifying the origin of fat, and this kind of information is hardly available with traditional mass‐spectrometry methods showing again the benefits of MALDI‐MS. However, it is also known that these unsaturated bonds are relatively unstable and subject to alterations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This combination has been previously used in omics‐related biochemical analysis, including, eg, metabolomics and with low molecular weight compounds . Although, the applications of soft ionization methods like MALDI‐TOF‐MS, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and ESI (electrospray ionization) have become more widespread in the studies of historical, archaeological and heritage objects, the combination of MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS which covers soft ionization and very high resolution mass analyser is still very limited …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS for archaeological lipid residue analysis

Oras

Vahur

Isaksson³

et al. 2017

J Mass Spectrom

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Soft-ionization methods are currently at the forefront of developing novel methods for analysing degraded archaeological organic residues. Here, we present little-used soft ionization method of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (MALDI-FT-ICR-MS) for the identification of archaeological lipid residues. It is a high-resolution and sensitive method with low limits of detection capable of identifying lipid compounds in small concentrations, thus providing a highly potential new technique for the analysis of degraded lipid components. A thorough methodology development for analysing cooked and degraded food remains from ceramic vessels was carried out, and the most efficient sample preparation protocol is described. The identified components, also controlled by independent parallel analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS), demonstrate its capability of identifying very different food residues including dairy, adipose fats as well as lipids of aquatic origin. The results obtained from experimentally cooked and original archaeological samples prove the suitability of MALDI-FT-ICR-MS for analysing archaeological organic residues. Sample preparation protocol and identification of compounds provide future reference for analysing various aged and degraded lipid residues in different organic and mineral matrices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS for archaeological lipid residue analysis

Oras

Vahur

Isaksson³

et al. 2017

J Mass Spectrom

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“…Saliu, Degano, and Colombini (2014) used a stationary phase based on nonporous core particles and ESI‐HR‐MS/MS for the characterization of residues of historical ointments of Spanish provenance (18th century) and for the analysis of two amorphous residues from Egyptian vessels (Middle Kingdom of Egypt). The experimental conditions were optimized using a standard solution of TAGs and the reference ointments prepared in the study described above (Saliu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Lipids In Archeological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High‐resolution mass spectra of POP ( a ) and PPO ( b ) obtained setting the voltage of the collision cell at 50 V. The zoomed mass spectrum ( m / z 550–610) shows the DAGs ions deriving from the triacylglycerol molecular ion fragmentation (Saliu, Degano, and Colombini, 2014). DAG, diacylglycerols; O, oleic acid; P, palmitic acid.…”

Section: Lipids In Archeological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry for the analysis of acylglycerols in art and archeology

Nasa

Modugno

Degano

2020

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Lipid characterization in art and archeology, together with the study of lipid degradation processes, is an important research area in heritage science. Lipid‐based materials have been used as food since ancient times, but also employed as illuminants and as ingredients in cosmetic, ritual, and pharmaceutical preparations. Both animal and plant lipids have also been processed to produce materials used in art and crafts, such as paint binders, varnishes, waterproofing agents, and coatings. Identifying the origin of the lipid materials is challenging when they are found in association with artistic historical objects. This is due to the inherent complex composition of lipids, their widespread occurrence, and the chemical alterations induced by ageing. The most common approach for lipid characterization in heritage objects entails profiling fatty acids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after saponification or transesterification. New developments in high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS) for the characterization of acylglycerols, together with more efficient sample treatments, have fostered the introduction of liquid chromatography for characterizing the lipid profile in heritage objects. This review reports the latest developments and applications of HPLC‐MS for the characterization of lipid materials in the field of heritage science. We describe the various approaches for sample pretreatment and highlight the advantages and limitations of HPLC‐MS in the analysis of paint and archeological samples. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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“…Atmospheric‐pressure chemical ionization (APCI) provides both structural information and high sensitivity, making it the most commonly applied ionization approach for TAG characterization (Arfa et al, ; Baiocchi et al, ; Idrus, Ismail, & Latiff, ; Saliu, Modugno, Orlandi, & Colombini, ). Electrospray ionization has also been reported for TAG analysis in recent years (Lima et al, ; Saliu, Degano, & Colombini, ; Samburova et al, ; Zhao, Gong, & Xu, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Triacylglycerols from Edible Oil Using a Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry System with a Porous Graphitic Carbon Column and a Toluene–Isopropanol Gradient Mobile Phase

Zhang

Gong

Lü

et al. 2018

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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This study presented a rapid and practical method of separating triacylglycerol (TAG) from edible oil using high-performance liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI)/mass spectrometry (MS) system with a porous graphitic carbon column (150 mm × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) and a toluene-isopropanolformic acid mobile phase. After investigating the experimental conditions, the gradient toluene-isopropanol mobile phase containing 0.1% formic acid was changed from 50:50 to 80:20 in 30 min; the column temperature was set to 35 C, and APCI/MS was used in the positive-ion acquisition mode. The TAG retention displayed a special order and was summarized to fit as follows: S-ECN (special equivalent carbon number) = 2CN (carbon number) − 3dB (double bond number) -5uFA (unsaturated fatty-acid number). Then, the LC-MS method was applied to separate TAG in 6 vegetable oils, resulting in the recognition of 27 TAG in corn oil, 21 TAGs in olive oil, 22 TAG in sunflower seed oil, 28 TAG in soybean oil, 25 TAG in sesame oil, and 31 TAG in peanut oil. The TAG separation through the LC-MS method was rapid, reproducible, and durable.

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Identification of triacylglycerols in archaelogical organic residues by core–shell reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS for archaeological lipid residue analysis

MALDI‐FT‐ICR‐MS for archaeological lipid residue analysis

Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry for the analysis of acylglycerols in art and archeology

Separation of Triacylglycerols from Edible Oil Using a Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry System with a Porous Graphitic Carbon Column and a Toluene–Isopropanol Gradient Mobile Phase

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