Identification of Toll-like receptor family members in Oncomelania hupensis and their role in defense against Schistosoma japonicum

Zhao, Qin; Gao, Qian; Yan, Zhang; Li, Yan Wei; Huang, Weiyuan; Tang, Chaoliang; Dong, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.01.008

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Most marshlands were soaked in water in summer and covered with grass as floodwaters recede in winter. Such geographical environmental conditions are conducive for O. hupensis snail growth and reproduction (Xiong et al ., 2016; Zhu et al ., 2017; Zhao et al ., 2018). The snail areas in these counties were larger than those in other regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal pattern analysis of schistosomiasis based on village level in the transmission control stage in lake and marshland areas in China

Chen¹,

Li²,

Xiao³

et al. 2019

Parasitology

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Hubei Province is one of the endemic regions with severe schistosomiasis in China. To eliminate schistosomiasis in lake and marshland regions, this study detected hotspots of schistosomiasis cases both spatially and spatiotemporally on the basis of spatial autocorrelation; clustering and outlier, purely spatial and spatiotemporal cluster analyses at the village level from 2013 to 2017 in Hubei Province. The number of cases confirmed positive by an immunodiagnostic test and etiological diagnosis and advanced schistosomiasis cases dramatically declined during the study period. Significant global spatial autocorrelation of schistosomiasis patients was found at the village level in the whole province in 5 years. Clustering and outlier analysis showed that most HH villages were mainly concentrated along the Yangtze River, especially in Jianghan Plain. Spatial and spatiotemporal cluster analyses showed that significant clusters of the schistosomiasis cases were detected at the village level. In general, space and spatiotemporal clustering of schistosomiasis cases at the village level demonstrated a downward trend from 2013 from 2017 in Hubei Province. High-risk regions included Jianghan Plain along the middle reach of Yangtze River and Yangxin County in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. To eliminate schistosomiasis, precise control and management of schistosomiasis cases should be strictly implemented. Moreover, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be continuously strengthened in these regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal pattern analysis of schistosomiasis based on village level in the transmission control stage in lake and marshland areas in China

Chen¹,

Li²,

Xiao³

et al. 2019

Parasitology

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“…No twin TIR TLRs bearing two intracellular TIR domains were expressed in the coelomocytes. The number of TLRs in the transcriptome of A. marina coelomocytes is comparable with that in the transcriptomic arrays of caenogastropods: 16 genes in Oncomelania hupensis (Feng et al, 2020; Zhao et al, 2018) and 35 genes in L. littorea (Gorbushin, 2020). Out of the 105 TLR‐related contigs in genome of C. teleta and 16 in genome of H. robusta (Davidson et al, 2008), only 23 and 8 homologs, respectively, were long enough for phylogenetic analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Toll-like Receptors (Tlrs) and Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 58%

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Transcriptomic profiling of immune‐associated molecules in the coelomocytes of lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758)

2022

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Organization and functioning of immune system remain unevenly studied in different taxa of lophotrochozoan animals. We analyzed transcriptomic data on coelomocytes of the lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758; Annelida, Polychaeta) to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in polychaete immunity. Coelomocytes are specialized motile cells populating coelomic fluid of annelids, responsible for cellular defense reactions and providing humoral immune factors. The transcriptome was enriched with immune‐related transcripts by challenging the cells in vitro with lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Zymosan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our analysis revealed a multifaceted and complex internal defense system of the lugworm. A. marina possesses orthologs of proto‐complement‐like factors: six thioester‐containing proteins, a complement‐like receptor, and a MASP‐related serine protease (MReM2). A. marina coelomocytes employ pattern‐recognition receptors to detect pathogens and regulate immune responses. Among them, there are 18 Toll‐like receptors and various putative lectin‐like proteins with evolutionary conserved and taxa‐specific domains. C‐type lectins and a novel family of Gal‐binding and CUB domains containing receptors were the most abundant in the transcriptome. The array of pore‐forming proteins in the coelomocytes was surprisingly reduced compared to that of other invertebrate species. We characterized a set of conserved proteins metabolizing reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and expanded the arsenal of potential antimicrobial peptides. Phenoloxidase activity in immune cells of lugworm is mediated only by laccase enzyme. The described repertoire of immune‐associated molecules provides valuable candidates for further functional and comparative research on the immunity of annelids.

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“…Furthermore, Knockdown of OhMIF significantly reduced the percentage of phagocytic cell populations in circulating hemocytes [32]. Lately, Zhao et al [33] identified 16 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in O. hupensis. Of note, after S. japonicum challenge, the expression levels of all of the OhTLRs were significantly up-regulated at 6 h post-challenge, while they were inhibited and fluctuated at later time points in haemocytes and in other tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal transcriptome change of Oncomelania hupensis revealed by Schistosoma japonicum invasion

et al. 2020

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Background: The freshwater snail Oncomelania hupensis is the obligate intermediate host for Schistosoma japonicum in China. Transcriptomic examination of snail-schistosome interactions can provide valuable information of host response at physiological and immune levels. Methods: To investigate S. japonicum-induced changes in O. hupensis gene expression, we utilized high-throughput sequencing to identify transcripts that were differentially expressed between infected snails and their uninfected controls at two key time-point, Day 7 and Day 30 after challenge. Time-series transcriptomic profiles were analyzed using R package DESeq 2, followed by GO, KEGG and (weighted gene correlation network analysis) WGCNA analysis to elucidate and identify important molecular mechanism, and subsequently understand host-parasite relationship. The identified unigenes was verified by bioinformatics and real-time PCR. Possible adaptation molecular mechanisms of O. hupensis to S. japonicum challenge were proposed. Results: Transcriptomic analyses of O. hupensis by S. japonicum invasion yielded billion reads including 92,144 annotated transcripts. Over 5000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by pairwise comparisons of infected libraries from two time points to uninfected libraries in O. hupensis. In total, 6032 gene ontology terms and 149 KEGG pathways were enriched. After the snails were infected with S. japonicum on Day 7 and Day 30, DEGs were shown to be involved in many key processes associated with biological regulation and innate immunity pathways. Gene expression patterns differed after exposure to S. japonicum. Using WGCNA, 16 modules were identified. Module-trait analysis identified that a module involved in RNA binding, ribosome, translation, mRNA processing, and structural constituent of ribosome were strongly associated with S. japonicum invasion. Many of the genes from enriched KEGG pathways were involved in lysosome, spliceosome and ribosome, indicating that S. japonicum invasion may activate the regulation of ribosomes and immune response to infection in O. hupensis. Conclusions: Our analysis provided a temporally dynamic gene expression pattern of O. hupensis by S. japonicum invasion. The identification of gene candidates serves as a foundation for future investigations of S. japonicum infection. Additionally, major DEGs expression patterns and putative key regulatory pathways would provide useful information to construct gene regulatory networks between host-parasite crosstalk.

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Identification of Toll-like receptor family members in Oncomelania hupensis and their role in defense against Schistosoma japonicum

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Spatiotemporal pattern analysis of schistosomiasis based on village level in the transmission control stage in lake and marshland areas in China

Spatiotemporal pattern analysis of schistosomiasis based on village level in the transmission control stage in lake and marshland areas in China

Transcriptomic profiling of immune‐associated molecules in the coelomocytes of lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Temporal transcriptome change of Oncomelania hupensis revealed by Schistosoma japonicum invasion

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