Identification of the Degree of Degradation of Fibre-Cement Boards Exposed to Fire by Means of the Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Networks

Schabowicz, Krzysztof; Gorzelańczyk, Tomasz; Szymków, Mateusz

doi:10.3390/ma12040656

Cited by 26 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The compressive strength of concrete samples in their various cross-sections was determined with the use of the non-destructive method calibrated with the destructive tests of the samples. This type of examination is being widely used for the range of building materials, such as concrete, wood, steel, ceramics, and for the diagnostics of building structures [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Tests were carried out with the use of the ultrasound method based on longitudinal wave velocities [26].…”

Section: Materials and Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tests of Concrete Strength across the Thickness of Industrial Floor Using the Ultrasonic Method with Exponential Spot Heads

Stawiski

Kania

2020

Materials

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The accepted methods for testing concrete are not favorable for determining its heterogeneity. The interpretation of the compressive strength result as a product of destructive force and cross-section area is burdened with significant understatements. It is assumed erroneously that this is the lowest value of strength at the height of the tested sample. The top layer of concrete floors often crumble, and the strength tested using sclerometric methods does not confirm the concrete class determined using control samples. That is why it is important to test the distribution of compressive strength in a cross-section of concrete industrial floors with special attention to surface top layers. In this study, we present strength tests of borehole material taken from industrial floors using the ultrasonic method with exponential spot heads with a contact surface area of 0.8 mm2 and a frequency of 40 kHz. The presented research project anticipated the determination of strength for samples in various cross-sections at the height of elements and destructive strength in the strength testing machine. It was confirmed that for standard and big borehole samples, it is not possible to test the strength of concrete in the top layer of the floor by destructive methods. This can be done using the ultrasonic method. After the analysis, certain types of distributions of strength across concrete floor thickness were chosen from the completed research program. The gradient and anti-gradient of strength were proposed as the new parameters for the evaluation of floor concrete quality.

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Section: Materials and Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tests of Concrete Strength across the Thickness of Industrial Floor Using the Ultrasonic Method with Exponential Spot Heads

Stawiski

Kania

2020

Materials

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“…In addition, NDT-UPV has been successfully used investigating the corrosion of mortar and concrete reinforcement [16,17], and in the study of durability of these construction materials [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. For instance, non-destructive ultrasonic test methods have been used to monitor microcracking in concrete [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity—Compressive Strength Relationship for Portland Cement Mortars Cured at Different Conditions

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this paper is to establish some correlations between the main technical parameter with regard to the cement-based materials technology, the 28-day compressive strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity of standard mortar samples cured at three different conditions—(i) under water at 22 °C; (ii) climatic chamber at 95% RH and 22 °C; (iii) lab ambient, 50% RH, and 22 °C—and after five curing periods of 1, 2, 7, 14, and 28 days. Good correlations for each curing conditions were obtained. All the positive linear relationships showed better R2 than exponential ones. These findings may promote the use of ultrasonic pulse velocity for the estimation of the 28-day compressive strength of standard Portland cement samples within the factory internal quality control.

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“…Of course, there are scientific papers devoted to the use of the AE method as a research tool, but only to determine the phenomena occurring in a cement–fiber composite. In previous publications [ 57 , 58 ], the AE method has been used to assess the degree of destruction of boards that were previously affected by high temperatures. However, the analysis of registered descriptors without grouping the signals did not allow the direct connection of the AE signals with the endurance parameters of the plates, or the linking of them to specific destructive processes occurring in the structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acoustic Emission Method Implementation Proposition to Confirm the Presence and Assessment of Reinforcement Quality and Strength of Fiber–Cement Composites

Adamczak-Bugno

Krampikowska

2020

Materials

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This article proposes to use the acoustic emission (AE) method to evaluate the degree of change in the mechanical parameters of fiber–cement boards. The research was undertaken after a literature review, due to the lack of a methodology that would allow nondestructive assessment of the strength of cement–fiber elements. The tests covered the components cut out from a popular type of board available on the construction market. The samples were subjected to environmental (soaking in water, cyclic freezing–thawing) and exceptional (burning with fire and exposure to high temperature) factors, and then to three-point bending strength tests. The adopted conditions correspond to the actual working environment of the boards. When applying the external load, AE signals were generated, which were then grouped into classes, and initially assigned to specific processes occurring in the material. The frequencies occurring over time for the tested samples were also analysed, and microscopic observations were made to confirm the suppositions based on the first part of the tests. Comparing the results obtained from a group of samples subjected to environmental and exceptional actions, significant differences were noted between them, which included the types of recorded signal class, the frequency of events, and the construction of the microstructure. The degradation of the structure, associated with damage to the fibers or their complete destruction, results in the generation under load of AE signals that indicate the uncontrolled development of scratches, and a decrease in the frequency of these events. According to the authors, the methodology used allows the control of cement–fiber boards in use. The registration and analysis of active processes under the effect of payloads makes it possible to distinguish mechanisms occurring inside the structure of the elements, and to formulate a quick response to the situation when the signals indicate a decrease in the strength of the boards.

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Identification of the Degree of Degradation of Fibre-Cement Boards Exposed to Fire by Means of the Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Networks

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Tests of Concrete Strength across the Thickness of Industrial Floor Using the Ultrasonic Method with Exponential Spot Heads

Tests of Concrete Strength across the Thickness of Industrial Floor Using the Ultrasonic Method with Exponential Spot Heads

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity—Compressive Strength Relationship for Portland Cement Mortars Cured at Different Conditions

The Acoustic Emission Method Implementation Proposition to Confirm the Presence and Assessment of Reinforcement Quality and Strength of Fiber–Cement Composites

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