IDENTIFICATION OF THE CARBON SKELETON OF Α-Lipoic ACID

Reed, Lester J.; Soper, Quentin F.; Schnakenberg, G. H.; Kern, Stanley F.; Boaz, Harold E.; Gunsalus, I. C.

doi:10.1021/ja01129a513

Cited by 18 publications

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“…Addition of purified fractions of protogen to this medium resulted in a marked increase in the survival of schistosomes (Ross and Bueding, 1950). Since these observations were made, protogen has been obtained in pure form and identified as a-lipoic acid (Brockman, Stockstad, Patterson, Pierce, Macchi, and Day, 1952;Reed, Soper, Schnakenberg, Kern, Boaz, and Gunsalus, 1952). Pure samples of a-lipoic acid, kindly supplied by Dr. T. H. Jukes and by Dr.…”

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STUDIES OF A PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME FROM SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI

Timms

Bueding

1959

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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The presence of a proteolytic enzyme has been demonstrated in ground-up preparations of Schistosoma mansoni. A twenty-fold purification has been achieved by ultracentrifugation at pH 3.0; the enzyme has an optimum pH of 3.9 and a marked substrate specificity for haemoglobin. No significant proteolysis was observed either with whole serum at pH values of 3.9, 6.0 or 8.0, or with isolated serum proteins at pH ranges between 2.5 and 7.7. The evidence is discussed that this enzyme may be located in the intestine of the schistosomes and that it is, at least in part, responsible for the supply of amino acids to the organisms.Little is known about the protein metabolism of Schistosoma mansoni.Rogers (1940) reported that the black pigment present in the intestine of S. mansoni is probably haematin formed by the digestion of haemoglobin from the host. The parasite must obtain nutrient materials, including amino acids, from the blood of the host, and it is conceivable that there is a mechanism for the degradation of one or more blood proteins, following ingestion into the intestine of the parasite. Halawani, Hafez, Newsome, and Cooper (1949) observed that haemoglobin disappeared from the medium in which S. mansoni survived in vitro.If it were known precisely what amino acids are required by S. mansoni and by what mechanism the parasite obtains them, an opportunity might become available for the development of schistosomicidal drugs. An initial approach to this problem is reported in this paper, in which the demonstration, partial purification and properties of a proteolytic enzyme from S. mansoni are described. The enzyme shows a marked specificity for haemoglobin (Timms and Bueding, 1958).METHODS AND MATERIALS Survival Studies.-Survival of schistosomes in a synthetic medium was studied by the use of procedures reported previously (Ross and Bueding, 1950). The synthetic medium used in the present investigation contained the following constituents in

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confidence: 99%

STUDIES OF A PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME FROM SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI

Timms

Bueding

1959

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…Between the initial discovery of the activity termed POF and the structure determin�ltion, about 2.5 x lOS-fold purification from yeast (62) or liver residue afforded the recovery of about 10 mg of crystalline a-lipoic acid (95).…”

Section: Pof Now Known As Upoate: a Unique Oxidative Reaction Of Keto...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

1984

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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Much laughter emerges from the pool of memories reflected by perusing the numbered publication list: titles, coauthors, dates, theses, and the many long close associations. The pain derives from omissions, inaccuracies, and the slow anastomosis of thought. May these form true mosiacs, to be redressed another day from an alternate streamhead. Each painting, perfect in the mind's eye, may defkct en route to appear less so on canvas, according to the great French painter A. M. Guerin V. So it is with writing. From Carl Becker, a Cornell professor of modern European history, I learned: "A thought expressed to the extent of one's talent merits repetition." Thus, later in this chapter reside some words of personal and professional events taken from "Lessons in Learning" XIII

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“…This nutritional function of acetate is distinct from its role as a buffer, which becomes significant only at much higher concentrations. For some organisms, e.g., L. casei, this effect is duplicated by very small quantities of lipoic acid, which functions catatically in the production of acetate from pyruvate (44,107). For other organisms, e.g., L. arabinosus, higher fatty acids and sterols partially replace acetate (44).…”

Section: Nitrogen and Carbon Containing Compounds-growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%