Identification of secondary vestibulo-ocular neurons in human based on their histochemical characteristics found in monkey

McMillan, Anja; Mustari, Michael J.; Horn, Anja K. E.

doi:10.1007/s00415-017-8397-z

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…6 a with b and d). Similarly, neighbouring sections of putative secondary vestibulo-ocular neurons in the magnocellular portion of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) identified by PN and NPNF-expression were analysed [ 29 ]. As for Yd, all putative secondary vestibulo-ocular neurons showed immunostaining for Kv1.1 and Kv3.1b (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As secondary vestibulo-oculomotor neurons in the MVN and SVN the premotor neurons in Yd contain nonphosphorylated neurofilaments (NPNF) [ 27 , 57 , 29 ], which shape the somatic and dendritic cytoskeleton [ 51 ]. It is present in specific neuronal populations including highly active neurons of the eye movement system, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All experimental procedures involving tracer injections had conformed to the state and university regulations on Laboratory Animal Care, including the Principles of Laboratory Animal Care (NIH Publication 85- 23, Revised 1985), and were approved by the Animal Care Officers and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees at Emory University and University of Washington, where all surgical interventions and perfusions were made for previous studies [27][28][29]. The brains of all cases were fixed by transcardial perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer except one case, which was fixed with 2% PFA and 0.5% glutaraldehyde (see Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histochemical Characterization of the Vestibular Y-Group in Monkey

2020

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The Y-group plays an important role in the generation of upward smooth pursuit eye movements and contributes to the adaptive properties of the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex. Malfunction of this circuitry may cause eye movement disorders, such as downbeat nystagmus. To characterize the neuron populations in the Y-group, we performed immunostainings for cellular proteins related to firing characteristics and transmitters (calretinin, GABA-related proteins and ion channels) in brainstem sections of macaque monkeys that had received tracer injections into the oculomotor nucleus. Two histochemically different populations of premotor neurons were identified: The calretinin-positive population represents the excitatory projection to contralateral upgaze motoneurons, whereas the GABAergic population represents the inhibitory projection to ipsilateral downgaze motoneurons. Both populations receive a strong supply by GABAergic nerve endings most likely originating from floccular Purkinje cells. All premotor neurons express nonphosphorylated neurofilaments and are ensheathed by strong perineuronal nets. In addition, they contain the voltage-gated potassium channels Kv1.1 and Kv3.1b which suggests biophysical similarities to high-activity premotor neurons of vestibular and oculomotor systems. The premotor neurons of Y-group form a homogenous population with histochemical characteristics compatible with fast-firing projection neurons that can also undergo plasticity and contribute to motor learning as found for the adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in response to visual-vestibular mismatch stimulation. The histochemical characterization of premotor neurons in the Y-group allows the identification of the homologue cell groups in human, including their transmitter inputs and will serve as basis for correlated anatomical-neuropathological studies of clinical cases with downbeat nystagmus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%