Identification of rubella virus T-cell epitopes recognized in anamnestic response to RA27/3 vaccine: associations with boost in neutralizing antibody titer

Mitchell, Leslie A.; Tingle, Aubrey J.; Decarie, Diane; Shukin, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(99)00040-7

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The nucleotide sequence of this strain seemed to remain invariable in the region studied during the first 19 weeks of the outbreak. However, two additional mutations in amino acids in immunoreactive regions (6,23,24,29,35) of the E1 glycoprotein arose subsequently, although signs of positive selection events were not observed. The E1 glycoprotein has an important role in attachment to the cell and contains important neutralization epitopes (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Analysis of Rubella Virus Strains from an Outbreak in Madrid, Spain, from 2004 to 2005

et al. 2009

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Rubella virus (RUBV) usually causes a mild exanthematous disease that is frequently accompanied by adenopathy and occasionally by arthralgia. Complications of this infection are rare and include encephalopathy and thrombocytopenia. However, the most severe consequence of this virus is its teratogenicity. It can cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) when it occurs in pregnant women, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy (10).The direct detection of RUBV RNA in clinical specimens, in addition to the detection of RUBV-specific immunoglobulin M, is a critical factor in the early laboratory diagnosis of recent or congenital infection (18,27). Currently, the European region of the World Health Organization (WHO) aims to eliminate not only measles but also rubella and to reduce the incidence of CRS to less than one case per 100,000 live births by 2010 (38, 39). For this purpose, epidemiological surveillance based on the laboratory diagnosis of each suspected case and the characterization of the genotype of the circulating strains are included in the WHO's recommendations. In the most recent WHO update, the standard nomenclature for the classification and designation of wild-type RUBV strains recognizes nine definitive and four provisional genotypes (40), expanding the nomenclature established in 2005 (37), which was based on 739 nucleotides (nt) (nt 8731 to 9469) from the E1 gene sequence. This sequence encodes amino acids (aa) 159 to 404 (of the 481 aa) of the E1 glycoprotein. Although our knowledge of the geographic distribution of RUBV genotypes has grown substantially since 2003, the genotypes present in many countries and regions remain unknown (9), even though rubella is still recognized as a globally important disease in a general public health context (41). RUBV is considered monotypic with cross-neutralization among different genotypes.In Spain, monovalent RUBV vaccine was introduced in the late 1970s, when it was administered in schools to 11-year-old girls (1). In 1981, one dose of the measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccine was introduced in the regular immunization schedule at the age of 15 months for all children. In 1996, a second dose at 11 years of age was introduced (5). In 1999, this second dose was given to 4-year-old children (3). Currently, the seroprevalence of RUBV in the community of Madrid exceeds 95% in all age groups and reaches 98.6% among women of childbearing age (16 to 45 years) (4). Nevertheless, the pattern is very different in other regions around the world and RUBV infection remains endemic in many areas, such as Latin America (15). The rubella vaccine was only introduced in Latin American countries in the late 1990s, so that many adult immigrants to Spain are not immunized. These circumstances led to a small outbreak in Madrid in 2003 (31) and a larger one in 2004 and 2005 (2, 27) among Latin American immigrants. The main aim of this study was to characterize the RUBV strain involved in the latter outbreak, which represents the first data concerning RUBV genotypes i...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Analysis of Rubella Virus Strains from an Outbreak in Madrid, Spain, from 2004 to 2005

et al. 2009

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“…In fact, lymphocyte proliferation was observed in T cells exposed to rubella-specific peptides 14-16 years after a single dose of RA27/3. 5,6 Additionally, T cell proliferation has been shown for peptides known to elicit a neutralizing antibody response, suggesting a cognate T helper and B cell interaction may occur following vaccination. 6 Clinically, individuals with T cell deficiencies or other cellular immunity abnormalities (such as leukemia), who have high levels of rubella specific antibodies, have developed rubella disease following exposure to wild type virus.…”

Section: The Role Of Cell Mediated and Humoral Immune Responses In Vamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Additionally, T cell proliferation has been shown for peptides known to elicit a neutralizing antibody response, suggesting a cognate T helper and B cell interaction may occur following vaccination. 6 Clinically, individuals with T cell deficiencies or other cellular immunity abnormalities (such as leukemia), who have high levels of rubella specific antibodies, have developed rubella disease following exposure to wild type virus. 7 Together, these results suggest full vaccine effectiveness is dependent on an individual mounting both an antibody and a cell-mediated immune response.…”

Section: The Role Of Cell Mediated and Humoral Immune Responses In Vamentioning

confidence: 99%

How to determine protective immunity in the post-vaccine era

Charlton

Lai

Dover

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Rubella is highly infectious disease transmitted by respiratory droplet, usually causes mild disease in children with symptoms of low grade fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia and myalgia [9][10][11]. However infection of women during pregnancy especially in first 12 weeks may cause death of fetus or Congenital Rubella Syndrome which has different clinical manifestations such as sensory neural deafness, congenital cataract and glaucoma, microcephaly and heart disease that occur in 80%-90% of cases [9,10].The immune response in human body developed after vaccination and infection, with formation of antibodies against structural protein [12][13][14][15], which directed mainly toward E1, E2 and capsid protein. The antibodies against E1 glycoprotein persist *Corresponding author: Shaima Nasr Eldeen Mohamed Elgenaid, Department of Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, Tel: 00249925117020; E-mail: shema2690@gmail.com…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Multiple Peptide Based Vaccine from E1, E2 and Capsid Proteins of Rubella Virus: An In-Silico Approach

Elgenaid¹,

Al-Hajj²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2018

Immunome Res

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Rubella is a single strand RNA virus in structure that belongs to Togaviridae family. It causes rubella by respiratory droplet transmission and congenital rubella syndrome if infection to the mother occurs during pregnancy. The current life attenuated vaccine is given as part of MMR vaccine. It has many side effects and contraindicated in pregnancy and immunosuppressed persons. The aim of this study is to determine antigenic peptides from E1, E2, and Capsid proteins that can be used for multiple peptide vaccine design using In-Silico study. A total of 189 sequences of three proteins were obtained from NCBI and subjected to multiple sequence alignments using CLUSTALW tool to determine conserved regions.

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Identification of rubella virus T-cell epitopes recognized in anamnestic response to RA27/3 vaccine: associations with boost in neutralizing antibody titer

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Phylogenetic Analysis of Rubella Virus Strains from an Outbreak in Madrid, Spain, from 2004 to 2005

Phylogenetic Analysis of Rubella Virus Strains from an Outbreak in Madrid, Spain, from 2004 to 2005

How to determine protective immunity in the post-vaccine era

Prediction of Multiple Peptide Based Vaccine from E1, E2 and Capsid Proteins of Rubella Virus: An In-Silico Approach

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