Identification of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genes involved in sheath blight resistance via a genome‐wide association study

Abstract

Rice sheath blight (RSB) is an economically significant disease affecting rice yield worldwide. Genetic resistance to RSB is associated with multiple minor genes, with each providing a minor phenotypic effect, but the underlying dominant resistance genes remain unknown. A genomewide association study (GWAS) of 259 diverse rice varieties, with genotypes based on a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype, was conducted to assess their sheath blight reactions at three developmental stages (seedlings, tillering and booting). A total of 653 genes were correlated with sheath blight resistance, of which the disease resistance protein RPM1 (OsRSR1) and protein kinase domain-containing protein (OsRLCK5) were validated by overexpression and knockdown assays. We further found that the coiled-coil (CC) domain of OsRSR1 (OsRSR1-CC) and full-length OsRLCK5 interacted with serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (OsSHM1) and glutaredoxin (OsGRX20), respectively. It was found that OsSHM1, which has a role in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and OsGRX20 enhanced the antioxidation ability of plants. A regulation model of the new RSB resistance though the glutathione (GSH)-ascorbic acid (AsA) antioxidant system was therefore revealed. These results enhance our understanding of RSB resistance mechanisms and provide better gene resources for the breeding of disease resistance in rice.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

“…The multi-protein complex then modulated GmSHMT08 activity in maintaining the intracellular redox homeostasis in resistance to soybean cyst nematodes (SCN) ( Lakhssassi et al, 2020 ). In rice, OsSHM1 participated in sheath blight resistance via a similar mechanism in soybean ( Wang et al, 2021 ). In addition, a tomato SHMT protein regulated salicylic acid (SA) signaling-dependent basal defense against Pseudomonas syringae ( Ahammed et al, 2018 ).…”

The 14‐3‐3 protein GF14c positively regulates immunity by modulating the protein homoeostasis of the GRAS protein OsSCL7 in rice

“…OsWRKY62 , a negative rice disease resistance regulator (J. Liu et al, 2016a; Peng et al, 2008), always maintained a higher transcription level in the osscl7–1 mutant than in the wild type before and after M. oryzae inoculation. OsWRKY89 , a positive rice resistance regulator (A. Wang et al, 2021a; H. Wang et al, 2007), was significantly downregulated in the osscl7–1 mutant compared to the wild type after M. oryzae inoculation. Taken together, these results indicated that OsSCL7 was involved in the regulation of a series of plant defence‐related genes, such as PR genes, PAL genes and transcription factor genes.…”

A Novel Guanine Elicitor Stimulates Immunity in Arabidopsis and Rice by Ethylene and Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathways

“…In summary, guanine activated jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling pathways to protect plants against pathogens. The mechanism of rice resistance to ShB is still largely unknown, and ShB control relies heavily on chemical fungicides ( Zheng et al, 2013 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). In this study, 100 ng/mL guanine significantly enhanced rice resistance to ShB, providing a novel, green and efficient strategy for ShB prevention and control.…”