Identification of point mutations in a putative carboxylesterase and their association with acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Baffi, Milla Alves; Souza, Guilherme Rocha Lino de; Vieira, Carlos Ueira; Sousa, Cristina; Gourlart, Luiz Ricardo; Bonetti, Ana Maria

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.06.016

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…However, Coatzacoalcos overproduced a specific esterase, designated CzEst9, that hydrolyzed permethrin (JAMROZ et al, 2000;PRUETT et al, 2002). Baffi et al (2007Baffi et al ( , 2008 later reported this esterase played a major role in pyrethroid resistant R. (B.)…”

Section: Pyrethroid Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricide resistance mechanisms in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Guerrero

Lovis

Martins

2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

192

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Acaricide resistance has become widespread in countries where cattle ticks, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, are a problem. Resistance arises through genetic changes in a cattle tick population that causes modifications to the target site, increased metabolism or sequestration of the acaricide, or reduced ability of the acaricide to penetrate through the outer protective layers of the tick's body. We review the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of acaricide resistance that have been shown to be functional in R. (B.) microplus. From a mechanistic point of view, resistance to pyrethroids has been characterized to a greater degree than any other acaricide class. Although a great deal of research has gone into discovery of the mechanisms that cause organophosphate resistance, very little is defined at the molecular level and organophosphate resistance seems to be maintained through a complex and multifactorial process. The resistance mechanisms for other acaricides are less well understood. The target sites of fipronil and the macrocyclic lactones are known and resistance mechanism studies are in the early stages. The target site of amitraz has not been definitively identified and this is hampering mechanistic studies on this acaricide.Keywords: Cattle tick, resistance mechanisms, target site mutation, metabolism. ResumoA resistência aos acaricidas tornou-se amplamente difundida nos países onde os carrapatos bovinos, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, são um problema. A resistência surge por meio de alterações genéticas em uma população de carrapatos que causam modificações no local de ação, aumento do metabolismo ou sequestro do acaricida, ou ainda redução na capacidade do acaricida em penetrar através das camadas protetoras do corpo do carrapato. Neste artigo, foram revisados os mecanismos moleculares e bioquímicos da resistência aos acaricidas que ocorrem em R. (B.) microplus. A partir de um ponto de vista dos mecanismos envolvidos, a resistência aos piretróides tem sido caracterizada em maior grau do que em qualquer outra classe de acaricida. Embora uma grande quantidade de pesquisas têm sido direcionada para a descoberta de mecanismos que causam resistência aos organofosforados, muito pouco é conhecido ao nível molecular, e essa resistência parece ser mantida por intermédio de um processo multifatorial e complexo. Os mecanismos de resistência para os demais acaricidas são bem menos compreendidos. Os alvos de ação do fipronil e das lactonas macrocíclicas são conhecidos, e os estudos dos mecanismos de ação envolvidos estão ainda em estágios iniciais. O alvo de ação do amitraz ainda não foi definitivamente identificado, e isso é limitante aos estudos dos mecanismos envolvidos na resistência a esse acaricida.Palavras-chave: Carrapato bovino, mecanismos de resistência, mutação no local de ação, metabolismo.

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Section: Pyrethroid Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricide resistance mechanisms in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Guerrero

Lovis

Martins

2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

192

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“…Recently, the use of molecular techniques have provided information about the resistance of R. microplus to pyrethroids and organophosphates at different locations in the world (Guerrero et al, 2001Hernandez et al, 2002;Pereira et al, 2004;Baffi et al, 2007;Cruz et al, 2009).…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciverse Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to characterization of the resistance of populations of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) to organophosphate and pyrethroid in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Faza

Pinto

Fonseca

et al. 2013

Experimental Parasitology

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h i g h l i g h t sOf the 587 populations tested for pyrethroids, 97.44% were resistant. For organophosphates were tested 306 populations and 75.49% were resistant. Into populations resistant to pyrethroids, 91% are heterozygous. The analysis confirmed the serious problem of resistance of Rhipicephalus microplus populations. g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t a b s t r a c tThe monitoring of resistance of cattle tick populations in Brazil to the chemical bases in use is largely limited to investigation of the phenotypic profile. There are few studies investigating the role played by the genotypic profile in acaricide resistance in the country. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to carry out molecular characterization and trace out the genetic profile of populations of Rhipicephalus microplus with respect to resistance to the organophosphate and pyrethroid chemical groups. For that purpose, larvae were genotyped belonging to 587 populations for pyrethroids and 306 for organophosphates, using the polymerase chain reaction technique. It was found that 75.49% and 97.44% of the larvae studied showed resistance to the organophosphates and pyrethroids, respectively. Among the populations resistant to pyrethroids, 91.9% were heterozygotes, showing that most of the resistant populations have only one allele responsible for resistance. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the genotyped populations have high resistance to organophosphates, and even more so to pyrethroids. This information is fundamental for understanding the mechanisms of resistance of R. microplus to acaricides, to enable improvement of control techniques.

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“…The W251L substitution in the D. melanogaster orthologue gene also increased pyrethroid hydrolysis (Heidari et al, 2005). Some studies have demonstrated that the role of carboxylesterases in resistance, including cross-resistance, may originate from over-expression and point mutations in esterase-coding genes (Brogdon and Barber, 1990;Chen and Sun, 1994;Bisset et al, 1997;Baffi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in populations of the New World Screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Silva¹,

Azeredo-Espin²

2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae are known for their parasitic habit in living vertebrates, causing considerable economic losses to livestock industry. This ectoparasite has been controlled mainly by applying insecticides, but this method usually results in the selection of resistant individuals. The resistance mechanism known as knockdown resistance (kdr) is a generic term for amino acid substitutions in the sodium channel associated with pyrethroid resistance, and substitutions in residue 251 of the carboxylesterase E3 have been associated with organophosphate and pyrethroid hydrolysis. We looked for L1014F kdr and W251S mutations in the sodium channel and E3 genes, respectively, in C. hominivorax populations. Ten populations obtained from its current distribution were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. No mutant individuals were found for the kdr mutation. However, the W251S mutation was found in all populations investigated. Results from This correlation was not significant at the highest concentration tested (P = 0.221). We suggest that the W251S mutation in the C. hominivorax carboxylesterase E3 is also associated with pyrethroid hydrolysis. This information may contribute to the elaboration of improved management programs for this ectoparasite.

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Identification of point mutations in a putative carboxylesterase and their association with acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Cited by 44 publications

References 19 publications

Acaricide resistance mechanisms in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Acaricide resistance mechanisms in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

A new approach to characterization of the resistance of populations of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) to organophosphate and pyrethroid in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Investigation of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in populations of the New World Screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

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