Identification of oral spirochetes at the species level and their association with other bacteria in endodontic infections

Jung, Ioan; Choi, Bong‐Kyu; Kum, Ki-Yeon; Yoo, Yun‐Jung; Yoon, Tai-Cheol; Lee, Seung-Jong; Lee, Chanyoung

doi:10.1067/moe.2001.117263

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Clone library analysis corroborated previous findings from species-specific PCR (4,11,15,25,27,38,40) or checkerboard studies (26,35,46,47) in that virtually all cultivable Treponema species can be found in infections of endodontic origin. Of the 10 cultivable species, only T. pectinovorum was not detected here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Treponema species are examples of culture-difficult bacteria that have been identified in endodontic infections only by culture-independent molecular methods (4,15,27,46). Most of the previous molecular studies focused on the detection of selected Treponema species or phylotypes (4, 11, 13, 15, 25-27, 38, 40, 43, 46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these species have been recently targeted and disclosed in primary endodontic infections by studies using molecular methods (4, 11, 12, 15, 27, 38-40, 42-44, 51). The most predominant treponemes in these infections are usually T. denticola and T. socranskii (4,27,40,43), while T. parvum, T. maltophilum, and T. lecithinolyticum have been moderately prevalent (4,15,25,38,40). Among several other taxa, a recent study targeted all 10 cultivable and 4 as-yet-uncharacterized oral treponemes (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Spirochetes in Endodontic Infections

et al. 2009

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The diversity of spirochetes in primary endodontic infections of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis or acute apical abscesses was investigated using 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. The prevalences of three common cultivable oral Treponema species were also determined using species-specific nested PCR. All detected spirochetes belonged to the genus Treponema. Overall, 28 different taxa were identified from the 431 clones sequenced: 9 cultivable and validly named species, 1 cultivable as-yet-uncharacterized strain, and 18 as-yet-uncultivated phylotypes, 17 of which were novel. The large majority of clones (94%) were from cultivable named species. The numbers of Treponema species/phylotypes per selected positive sample ranged from 2 to 12. Species-specific nested PCR detected T. denticola, T. socranskii, and T. maltophilum in 59 (66%), 33 (37%), and 26 (29%) of the 90 cases of primary endodontic infections, respectively. Clone library analysis revealed diverse Treponema species/phylotypes as part of the microbiota associated with asymptomatic and symptomatic (abscess) endodontic infections. Although several as-yet-uncultivated Treponema phylotypes were disclosed, including novel taxa, cultivable named species were more abundant and frequently detected.In his milestone study published in 1894, Willoughby Dayton Miller first suggested that spirochetes could play a role in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis, particularly in cases of acute apical abscesses (21). However, despite several studies revealing their occurrence in endodontic infections by microscopy (49, 50), it was not until approximately 100 years after Miller's study that spirochetes were consistently detected and identified by culture-independent molecular techniques in association with diverse forms of apical periodontitis and pathogenetic involvement was supported (30,43,46). Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries suggest that all oral spirochetes belong to the genus Treponema (7), and so far, 10 oral species have been cultivated and validly named. They include four asaccharolytic species (Treponema denticola, T. medium, T. putidum, and "T. vincentii") and six saccharolytic species (T. socranskii, T. pectinovorum, T. maltophilum, T. amylovorum, T. lecithinolyticum, and T. parvum) (36). All these species have been recently targeted and disclosed in primary endodontic infections by studies using molecular methods (4, 11, 12, 15, 27, 38-40, 42-44, 51). The most predominant treponemes in these infections are usually T. denticola and T. socranskii (4, 27, 40, 43), while T. parvum, T. maltophilum, and T. lecithinolyticum have been moderately prevalent (4,15,25,38,40). Among several other taxa, a recent study targeted all 10 cultivable and 4 as-yet-uncharacterized oral treponemes (26). Of the nine treponemes detected, T. denticola and T. socranskii were the most prevalent species, which is consistent with other studies (4,27,40,43). The other most frequently found Treponema species/phylotypes included Treponema sp. oral taxon ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Spirochetes in Endodontic Infections

et al. 2009

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“…Our findings with respect to these organisms (except for P. gingivalis) agree with those in a recent report (39) in that the organisms do not seem to be associated with symptomatic cases. A recent report indicated that other oral treponemes such as Treponema maltophilum and Treponema socranskii, which were not included in this study, may be more prevalent in endodontic infections than T. denticola (30). More studies are needed to discern the contributions of all these organisms to their pathogenicities and their potential association with treatment failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

PCR-Based Identification of Bacteria Associated with Endodontic Infections

Fouad

Barry

Caimano³

et al. 2002

J Clin Microbiol

230

189

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PCR primers that target the bacterial 16S rRNA genes (or the tuf gene for the genus Enterococcus) were used to identify 10 putative bacterial pathogens in root canals with necrotic pulp. In addition, the associations of these microorganisms with symptoms and a history of diabetes mellitus were investigated. Microbial samples from the root canals of 24 teeth with necrotic pulp were included in the study. PCR with universal bacterial primers identified bacterial DNA in 22 specimens; the remaining 2 specimens were from intact teeth that had been traumatized 6 months prior to treatment. PCR with specific primers showed that preoperative symptoms were significantly associated with the presence of Streptococcus spp. (P < 0.001 by chi-square analysis). There was also a nonsignificant trend for symptoms to be associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis (odds ratio, >2) and for diabetes mellitus to be associated with P. gingivalis and Porphyromonas endodontalis (odds ratio, >2). Cloning and sequencing of the universal PCR product in one specimen revealed the presence of an organism related to the genus Olsenella, which has not previously been described in endodontic infections.

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“…따 라서 근관내 감염에 중요한 원인균종이 배양법에 의해서는 발견되지 않을 수 있으며, 이러한 배양법은 세균의 분리, 동 정에 시간, 노력 및 비용이 많이 드는 단점이 있다. 이 같은 배양법을 보완, 보충하기위해 1990년대 이후 다양한 분자 유전학적기술, 즉 checkerboard DNA:DNA hybridization 25) , real time-PCR 26) , 16S rRNA(DNA)gene-directed PCR 27,28) 등을 34,44) . 브라질에서 감염근관을 대상으로 16S rRNA genedirected PCR방법으로 조사한 결과 T. denticola는 임상 증상과 연관성있게 나타나는 것은 아니지만 임상증상 유무 에 관계없이 살펴봤을 때 42�52%의 높은 이환율을 보였 다 [33][34][35] .…”

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Distribution of oral pathogens in infections of endodontic origin

Kim

Choi

Park

et al. 2003

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent

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It has been documented that periodontopathic bacteria are also implicated in endodontic infections. 16S rDNA gene-directed PCR was to examine the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria including Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Prevotella nigrescens (Pn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Porphyromonas endodontalis (Pe), and Treponema denticola (Td) in the root canals of 36 endodontically infected teeth having apical lesions with or without clinical symptoms like pain, swelling, and fistula.1. In 36 infected root canals, most frequently detected bacterial species was Pg (61.1%), followed by Td (52.8%) and Pe (38.9%). 2. Of 36 infected root canals, Aa was detected in 6 canals (16.7%) of the teeth, all of which showed clinical symptoms. 3. Of 36 infected root canals, Pi and Pn were found in 4 (13.9%) and 5 (33.3%), respectively. Notably, prevalence of Pn in the symptomatic teeth was 50.0%. 4. One of black-pigmented anaerobic bacteria (BPB) including Pi, Pn, Pe, and Pg was detected in all of the teeth that showed pain or especially swelling but not fistula. It was, however, found that prevalence of BPB in the asymptomatic teeth or the teeth with fistula was only 40%. 5. Pe and Pg were detected in the teeth regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. 6. Td was detected in the teeth regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. High prevalence of BPB in the symptomatic teeth but low in the asymptomatic teeth suggests that BPB may play an important role in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions.K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s : PCR, BPB, infection, clinical symptom, periapical lesion, root canal ABSTRACT 치료의 성공을 좌우한다

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Identification of oral spirochetes at the species level and their association with other bacteria in endodontic infections

Cited by 61 publications

References 34 publications

Diversity of Spirochetes in Endodontic Infections

Diversity of Spirochetes in Endodontic Infections

PCR-Based Identification of Bacteria Associated with Endodontic Infections

Distribution of oral pathogens in infections of endodontic origin

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