Identification of Ophiopogonis Radix from different producing areas by headspace‐gas chromatography‐ion mobility spectrometry analysis

Abstract

Ophiopogonis Radix can be divided into Zhemaidong (ZMD) and Chuanmaidong (CMD). The main planting areas of ZMD are Cixi City and Sanmen county. The quality and price of Ophiopogonis Radix from different producing areas are different. In this study, the headspace‐gas chromatography‐ion mobility spectrometry (HS‐GC‐IMS) method is used to rapidly identify ZMD and CMD. The method is also used to identify ZMD from Cixi and Sanmen by analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A total of 58 VOCs was obtained from ZMD samples with more abundant signals of which 41 were identified. The peak intensities of all VOCs in ZMD and CMD, Cixi and Sanmen data were averaged and then those VOCs whose peak intensities were distributed outside of mean ± 2 standard deviation (μ ± 2σ) were selected as characteristic markers. We selected 14 characteristic markers to establish the characteristic fingerprint of ZMD and CMD, among the 14 VOCs, ZMD contained more eucalyptus oil compounds than CMD, CMD contained more volatile aldehydes than ZMD. We selected 12 characteristic markers for the establishment of the characteristic fingerprint of ZMD from Cixi and Sanmen. The principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that both ZMD and CMD or ZMD from Cixi and Sanmen could be effectively divided. The ZMD and CMD as well as ZMD from Cixi and Sanmen were evaluated by partial least squares regression‐discriminants analysis (PLS‐DA) resulting to be excellent chemical descriptors for sample discrimination. One hundred percent classification rates for both PLS‐DA calibration and prediction models were obtained. These results provided a reference for the traceability of species and origin and market standard of Ophiopogonis Radix. Practical applications Ophiopogonis Radix can be divided into Zhejiang Ophiopogonis Radix (ZMD) and Sichuan Ophiopogonis Radix (CMD). As far as ZMD is concerned, its producing areas mainly include the traditional planting areas (Cixi City) and new growth areas (Sanmen county). In this paper, the HS‐GC‐IMS method was adopted to analyze VOCs in Ophiopogonis Radix from different producing areas and then we screen out the respective characteristic VOCs of ZMD and CMD as well as ZMD from Cixi and Sanmen. These characteristic VOCs can effectively identify ZMD and CMD as well as ZMD from Cixi City and Sanmen country to provide a scientific basis for the origin identification of Ophiopogonis Radix.

Discrimination and Characterization of the Volatile Organic Compounds in Schizonepetae Spica from Six Regions of China Using HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS

“…For example, HS-GC-IMS was successfully used for reliable classification of geographical origins for both olive oil (EVOO) [ 38 ] and wine [ 39 ]. Furthermore, the HS-GC-IMS method was applied to quickly identify Ophiopogonis Radix from different regions [ 40 ]. Moreover, HS-GC-IMS has also been used to determine the geographical origins of “Chenpi” [ 41 ].…”

Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

“…Ker-Gawl, belongs to the Liliaceae family and is commonly applied as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) documented in the clinical. Maidong (MD) was first mentioned in Variorum of Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica (Shennong Bencao Jing) with the effect of nourishing yin and generating body fluid, moistening the lung and clearing the heart [ 7 , 8 ]. Additionally, modern phytochemical studies have suggested that MD is rich in various compounds, including steroidal saponins, homoisoflavonoids, and polysaccharides, which exhibit cardiovascular protection, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, central nervous system protective, antioxidative, and anti-diabetes effects [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Development of the Volatile Fingerprint of Qu Aurantii Fructus by HS-GC-IMS

“…HS-GC-IMS has a good application in the detection of flavor components in the food field, and has been increasingly widely used in the field of pharmaceutical research in recent years. Jia He used HS-GC-IMS method for the identification of adulterated inferior products in Ophiopogon, and this method showed a higher degree of identification [ 36 ].…”