Identification of novel and differentially expressed MicroRNAs in goat enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma

Abstract

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate a variety of genes involved in eukaryotic cell growth, development, metabolism and other biological processes, and numerous miRNAs are implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer. Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA), an epithelial tumor induced in goats and sheep by enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV), is a chronic, progressive, contact transmitted disease.MethodsIn this work, small RNA Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used to construct a goat nasal miRNA library. This study aimed to identify novel and differentially expressed miRNAs in the tumor and para-carcinoma nasal tissues of Nanjiang yellow goats with ENA.ResultsFour hundred six known miRNAs and 29 novel miRNAs were identified. A total of 116 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in para-carcinoma nasal tissues and ENA (54 downregulated; 60 upregulated; two only expressed in control group); Target gene prediction and functional analysis revealed that 6176 non-redundancy target genes, 1792 significant GO and 97 significant KEGG pathway for 121 miRNAs (116 significant expression miRNAs and five star sequence) were predicted. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed the majority of target genes in ENA are involved in cell proliferation, signal transduction and other processes associated with cancer.ConclusionsThis is the first large-scale identification of miRNAs in Capra hircus ENA and provides a theoretical basis for investigating the complicated miRNA-mediated regulatory networks involved in the pathogenesis and progression of ENA.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3238-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

miRNA Regulatory Functions in Farm Animal Diseases, and Biomarker Potentials for Effective Therapies

“…The functions of miRNAs have been reported for several small ruminant diseases, such as Cystic echinococcosis infection [ 189 ], an epithelial tumor induced in goats and sheep by enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) [ 190 ], bluetongue virus [ 191 ], Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) infection [ 192 ], and prion disease [ 193 ]. Small ruminants are highly susceptible to Cystic echinococcosis , a chronic zoonotic infection caused by infection with the larval stage of the cestode, Echinococcus granulosus .…”

“…Jiang et al [ 189 ] profiled the miRNA expression in intestinal tissues of sheep with resistant and non-resistant Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) haplotypes after peroral infection with E. granulosus eggs and highlighted miR-21-3p, miR-542-5p, miR-671, miR-134-5p, miR-26b, and miR-27a as NF-κB pathway-responsive miRNAs during E. granulosus infection. miRNAs also play important roles in enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma, an epithelial tumor induced in goats and sheep by enzootic nasal tumor virus [ 190 ]. Wang et al [ 190 ] identified 116 DE miRNAs in the tumor and para-carcinoma nasal tissues of Nanjing yellow goats with enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma and showed the involvement of the predicted target genes in cell proliferation, signal transduction, and other processes associated with cancer.…”

“…miRNAs also play important roles in enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma, an epithelial tumor induced in goats and sheep by enzootic nasal tumor virus [ 190 ]. Wang et al [ 190 ] identified 116 DE miRNAs in the tumor and para-carcinoma nasal tissues of Nanjing yellow goats with enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma and showed the involvement of the predicted target genes in cell proliferation, signal transduction, and other processes associated with cancer.…”

Genomic Sequencing and Analysis of Enzootic Nasal Tumor Virus Type 2 Provides Evidence for Recombination within the Prevalent Chinese Strains

“…In China, ENA was first reported in Inner Mongolia in 1975 [ 9 ]. In recent years, ENA has been reported in several provinces of China, including Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, Fujian, Hunan, Shaanxi, and Anhui [ 3 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], indicating the widely spread of ENTV in China. Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis of ENTV in goats (ENTV-2) in China indicated that novel ENTV-2 strains with distinct genome characteristics continuously appeared in recent years [ 10 , 16 ], suggesting that ENTV-2 has a relatively high variability and deserves continuous attention.…”