Identification of meteorological predictors of Fusarium graminearum ascospore release using correlation and causality analyses

David, Ray; BozorgMagham, Amir E.; Schmale, David G.; Ross, Shane D.; Marr, Linsey C.

doi:10.1007/s10658-015-0832-3

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Forecasting systems, particular those developed to predict mycotoxins in cereals, are powerful tools that help growers to prevent exceeding maximum limits and to avoid unnecessary fungicide applications [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The Swiss forecasting system FusaProg for DON in wheat [ 34 ], employing plot-specific cropping factors, growth stage and local weather data, was developed during the early 2000s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Mycotoxins in Swiss Wheat: A Survey of Growers’ Samples between 2007 and 2014 Shows Strong Year and Minor Geographic Effects

Vogelgsang

Musa

Bänziger

et al. 2017

Toxins

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To assess the occurrence of Fusarium toxins in wheat in Switzerland, an eight-year survey was conducted by analysing a total of 686 harvest samples from growers using LC-MS/MS. Between 2007 and 2010, 527 samples were obtained from 17 cantons. Between 2011 and 2014, 159 samples were collected from the canton Berne. The most frequent toxins detected were deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and nivalenol (NIV). The overall mean DON content in all samples was 607 µg/kg, and 11% exceeded the European limit for unprocessed cereals for foodstuffs (1250 µg/kg). For ZEA (mean 39 µg/kg), 7% exceeded the respective limit (100 µg/kg), and the mean content of NIV (no limit established) was 15 µg/kg. Between the years, the ratio of mycotoxin-contaminated samples ranged between 52% and 98% for DON, 9% and 43% for ZEA and 0% and 49% for NIV. The yearly mean contents varied substantially between 68 and 1310 µg/kg for DON, 5 and 56 µg/kg for ZEA and 6 and 29 µg/kg for NIV. The geographic origin showed a significant effect on DON and ZEA contamination, but was inconsistent between the years. This study has shown that the majority of Swiss-produced wheat is, in terms of Fusarium toxins, fit for human consumption and feed purposes. Nevertheless, depending on the year, high toxin contents can be expected, an issue that growers, cereal collection centres and the food industry have to deal with to ensure food and feed safety.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Mycotoxins in Swiss Wheat: A Survey of Growers’ Samples between 2007 and 2014 Shows Strong Year and Minor Geographic Effects

Vogelgsang

Musa

Bänziger

et al. 2017

Toxins

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“…and Phoma spp. in rain samples, possibly a consequence of splash dispersal of their sticky conidia ( 14 , 52 ). Some species in Fusarium , e.g., Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium acuminatum , are highly effective ice-nucleating bio-aerosols, i.e., able to initiate ice formation at warmer temperatures ( 11 , 51 , 53 ), and may contribute to cloud formation and deposit through precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Performance of Spore Samplers in Monitoring Aeromycobiota and Fungal Plant Pathogen Diversity in Canada

Chen

Hambleton

Seifert

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Spore samplers are widely used in pathogen surveillance but not so much for monitoring the composition of aeromycobiota. In Canada, a nationwide spore-sampling network (AeroNet) was established as a pilot project to assess fungal community composition in air and rain samples collected using three different spore samplers in the summers of 2010 and 2011. Metabarcodes of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were exhaustively characterized for three of the network sites, in British Columbia (BC), Québec (QC), and Prince Edward Island (PEI), to compare performance of the samplers. Sampler type accounted for ca. 20% of the total explainable variance in aeromycobiota compositional heterogeneity, with air samplers recovering more Ascomycota and rain samplers recovering more Basidiomycota. Spore samplers showed different abilities to collect 27 fungal genera that are plant pathogens. For instance, Cladosporium spp., Drechslera spp., and Entyloma spp. were collected mainly by air samplers, while Fusarium spp., Microdochium spp., and Ustilago spp. were recovered more frequently with rain samplers. The diversity and abundance of some fungi were significantly affected by sampling location and time (e.g., Alternaria and Bipolaris) and weather conditions (e.g., Mycocentrospora and Leptosphaeria), and depended on using ITS1 or ITS2 as the barcoding region (e.g., Epicoccum and Botrytis). The observation that Canada's aeromycobiota diversity correlates with cooler, wetter conditions and northward wind requires support from more long-term data sets. Our vision of the AeroNet network, combined with high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and well-designed sampling strategies, may contribute significantly to a national biovigilance network for protecting plants of agricultural and economic importance in Canada.IMPORTANCE The current study compared the performance of spore samplers for collecting broad-spectrum air- and rain-borne fungal pathogens using a metabarcoding approach. The results provided a thorough characterization of the aeromycobiota in the coastal regions of Canada in relation to the influence of climatic factors. This study lays the methodological basis to eventually develop knowledge-based guidance on pest surveillance by assisting in the selection of appropriate spore samplers.

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“…The hardness of perithecia may provide useful information regarding the age of the perithecium, but potentially more valuably, the amount of turgor pressure and the number of developed ascospores contained within the structure. It has been shown in both field investigations (David et al, 2016a;Inch et al, 2005;Paulitz, 1996) and laboratory studies (Trail et al, 2002;Tschanz et al, 1976) that meteorological parameters such as light (Schmale III et al, 2005b;Schmale III et al, 2006;Trail et al, 2002), relative humidity (David et al, 2016a;Paul et al, 2007;Paulitz, 1996), and temperature (Del Ponte et al, 2009;Fernando et al, 2000;Paulitz, 1996;Sutton, 1982) may be required at specific levels to trigger ascospore release events. The active release of ascospores from an opening in the ascus has been associated with high levels of relative humidity (David et al, 2016a;David et al, 2016b;Paulitz, 1996;Reis, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enhanced understanding of the association between age of the perithecium and ascospore number provides additional information on ascospore emission rate (Prussin II et al, 2014b) that will be valuable for models of the spread of FHB. The results from this study, combined with knowledge about the effect of meteorological conditions on ascospore release (David et al, 2016a;Inch et al, 2005;Paulitz, 1996;Reis, 1990;Tschanz et al, 1975), will improve predictions of ascospore release under field conditions and the management of FHB. In the future, compression testing may provide a unique method of determining perithecial age in the field, and could inform management practices that depend on knowledge of ascospore release and dispersal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…High levels of relative humidity (Inch et al, 2005;Paul et al, 2007;Paulitz, 1996;Trail et al, 2002) and low air temperature (Del Ponte et al, 2009;Fernando et al, 2000;Sutton, 1982) have been correlated with F. graminearum ascospore discharge. Additionally, several meteorological conditions have been identified as causal agents of ascospore release (David et al, 2016a), and the numbers and distances of ascospore release have been investigated using 3D-printed discharge devices indicating differences based on temperature and relative humidity (David et al, 2016b). A laboratory-based study of ascospore discharge identified forces of 870,000 g during ascospore release and suggested that fluctuations in Cland K + ions may play a role in ascospore release (Trail et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compression tests of Fusarium graminearum ascocarps provide insights into the strength of the perithecial wall and the quantity of ascospores

David

Reinisch

Trail

et al. 2016

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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The plant pathogenic ascomycete Fusarium graminearum produces perithecia on corn and small grain residues. These perithecia forcibly discharge ascospores into the atmosphere. Little is known about the relationship among the strength of the perithecial wall, the age of the perithecium, and the quantity of ascospores produced. We used a mechanical compression testing instrument to examine the structural failure rate of perithecial walls from three different strains of F. graminearum (two wild type strains, and a mutant strain unable to produce asci). The force required to compress a perithecium by one micrometer (the mean perithecium compression constant, MPCC) was used to determine the strength of the perithecial wall. Over the course of perithecial maturation (5-12days after the initiation of perithecial development), the MPCC was compared to the number of ascospores contained inside the perithecia. The MPCC increased as perithecia matured, from 0.06Nμm at 5d to 0.12Nμm at 12d. The highest number of ascospores was found in older perithecia (12d). The results indicated that for every additional day of perithecial aging, the perithecia become more resilient to compression forces. Every additional day of perithecial aging resulted in ∼900 more ascospores. Knowledge of how perithecia respond to external forces may provide insight into the development of ascospores and the accumulation of turgor pressure. In the future, compression testing may provide a unique method of determining perithecial age in the field, which could extend to management practices that are informed by knowledge of ascospore release and dispersal.

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Identification of meteorological predictors of Fusarium graminearum ascospore release using correlation and causality analyses

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Fusarium Mycotoxins in Swiss Wheat: A Survey of Growers’ Samples between 2007 and 2014 Shows Strong Year and Minor Geographic Effects

Fusarium Mycotoxins in Swiss Wheat: A Survey of Growers’ Samples between 2007 and 2014 Shows Strong Year and Minor Geographic Effects

Assessing Performance of Spore Samplers in Monitoring Aeromycobiota and Fungal Plant Pathogen Diversity in Canada

Compression tests of Fusarium graminearum ascocarps provide insights into the strength of the perithecial wall and the quantity of ascospores

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