Identification of Mauthner-initiated response patterns in goldfish: Evidence from simultaneous cinematography and electrophysiology

Eaton, Robert C.; Lavender, William A.; Wieland, Chris M.

doi:10.1007/bf01326837

Cited by 170 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We found robust PPI across a range of developmental stages, persisting into adulthood. Startle responses in adult fish typically occur within 20 ms of an acoustic/vibrational stimulus (Eaton et al, 1981). Using a vibrational stimulus, we found similar results, with modal latency to startle being 8 ms (Fig.…”

Section: Prepulse Inhibition Of Slc Startle Responsessupporting

confidence: 77%

Sensorimotor Gating in Larval Zebrafish

Burgess

Granato²

2007

J. Neurosci.

449

671

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Control of behavior in the natural environment where sensory stimuli are abundant requires superfluous information to be ignored. In part, this is achieved through selective transmission, or gating of signals to motor systems. A quantitative and clinically important measure of sensorimotor gating is prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, impairments in which have been demonstrated in several neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Here, we show for the first time that the acoustic startle response in zebrafish larvae is modulated by weak prepulses in a manner similar to mammalian PPI. We demonstrate that, like in mammals, antipsychotic drugs can suppress disruptions in zebrafish PPI induced by dopamine agonists. Because genetic factors underlying PPI are not well understood, we performed a screen and isolated mutant lines with reduced PPI. Analysis of Ophelia mutants demonstrates that they have normal sensory acuity and startle performance, but reduced PPI, suggesting that Ophelia is critical for central processing of sensory information. Thus, our results provide the first evidence for sensorimotor gating in larval zebrafish and report on the first unbiased screen to identify genes regulating this process.

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Section: Prepulse Inhibition Of Slc Startle Responsessupporting

confidence: 77%

Sensorimotor Gating in Larval Zebrafish

Burgess

Granato²

2007

J. Neurosci.

449

671

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“…They showed that the spinal circuits could discriminate slight differences in timing of the Mspikes; when both of the M-axons were artificially activated, the excitatory effect of the trailing spike was completely suppressed if the intervals of the spikes were greater than the minimal discrimination time (ϳ0.15-0.20 ms in adult goldfish). The importance of this, however, has not been fully emphasized, because subsequent evidence showed that, in the vast majority of escapes, only one of the M-cells fired (Zottoli, 1977;Eaton et al, 1981). Our results strongly suggest that coactivation of the two M-cells do occur in escapes elicited by sound/vibration stimuli having little laterality and that CoLos lie at the core of this spike-timing discrimination circuit.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

Functional Role of a Specialized Class of Spinal Commissural Inhibitory Neurons during Fast Escapes in Zebrafish

Satou¹,

Kimura²,

Kohashi³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

143

157

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In teleost fish, the Mauthner (M) cell, a large reticulospinal neuron in the brainstem, triggers escape behavior. Spinal commissural inhibitory interneurons that are electrotonically excited by the M-axon have been identified, but the behavioral roles of these neurons have not yet been addressed. Here, we studied these neurons, named CoLo (commissural local), in larval zebrafish using an enhancer-trap line in which the entire population of CoLos was visualized by green fluorescent protein. CoLos were present at one cell per hemi-segment. Electrophysiological recordings showed that an M-spike evoked a spike in CoLos via electrotonic transmission and that CoLos made monosynaptic inhibitory connections onto contralateral primary motoneurons, consistent with the results in adult goldfish. We further showed that CoLos were active only during escapes. We examined the behavioral roles of CoLos by investigating escape behaviors in CoLo-ablated larvae. The results showed that the escape behaviors evoked by sound/vibration stimuli were often impaired with a reduced initial bend of the body, indicating that CoLos play important roles in initiating escapes. We obtained several lines of evidence that strongly suggested that the impaired escapes occurred during bilateral activation of the M-cells: in normal larvae, CoLo-mediated inhibitory circuits enable animals to perform escapes even in these occasions by silencing the output of the slightly delayed firing of the second M-cell. This study illustrates (1) a clear example of the behavioral role of a specialized class of interneurons and (2) the capacity of the spinal circuits to filter descending commands and thereby produce the appropriate behavior.

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“…/Journal of Neuroscience Methods 58 (1995) 173-179 Evaking startle responses activates many neurons in the brain, and cord which relate to different components of the response. Only one cell is known to be invariably activated during the reponse, namely the Mauthner cell (Eaton et al, 1981) and therefore we have restricted ourselves to the analysis of just that cell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stimulation KG-like expression was studied in fish stimulated in 1 of 3 ways: (1) spinal motoneurons were antidromitally activated by stimulating their axons in the spinal nerve of one segment (n = 4 fish); (2) the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) was stimulated in the hindbrain so as to drive spinal inter-and moto-neurons synaptically via the descending axons (n = 1) and, (3) the Mauthner cell in the hindbrain was activated (n = 7) by evoking a series of startle responses (Eaton et al, 1981). 'The control situation for Exp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A polyclonal antibody against mammalian FOS can be used as a cytoplasmic neuronal activity marker in a teleost fish

Bosch

Maslam

Roberts

1995

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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A polyclonal antibody against mammalian FOS can be used as a cytoplasmic neuronal activity marker in a teleost fish. Bosch, T.J.; Maslam, S.; Roberts, B.L. Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. cell, which initiates the response, whereas positive Mauthner cells were never observed in control fish. The stimulation protocols that were used strongly activated the stimulated cells and so the observed FOS-like immunoreact~vity might be related to an increase protein synthesis needed to restore their depleted transmitter levels.

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Identification of Mauthner-initiated response patterns in goldfish: Evidence from simultaneous cinematography and electrophysiology

Cited by 170 publications

References 22 publications

Sensorimotor Gating in Larval Zebrafish

Sensorimotor Gating in Larval Zebrafish

Functional Role of a Specialized Class of Spinal Commissural Inhibitory Neurons during Fast Escapes in Zebrafish

A polyclonal antibody against mammalian FOS can be used as a cytoplasmic neuronal activity marker in a teleost fish

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