Identification of lutein, a dietary antioxidant carotenoid in guinea pig tissues

Schaffer, Michael; Roy, Somdutta Sinha; Mukherjee, Sanjoy; Das, Salil K.

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.030

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, no retinoic acid isomer was found. As reported earlier, we could identify the presence of lutein in several tissues from guinea pig [6], but not in tissues from rat and mouse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…Since this method allows detection over a wide range of the UV-spectrum at the same time, tocopherol isomers (α, γ, δ) and selected carotenoids (lutein, lycopene, β-carotene) can also be determined with reasonable sensitivity. It should be noted that we reported earlier[6] the identification of lutein in guinea pig lungs, using the same HPLC-conditions as described in this paper. However, here we report for the first time the separation of vitamin A, its metabolites and tocopherols, as well as the validation of this HPLC-method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Moreover, guinea pig [6] and humans [2, 24] both have vegetables included in their diets which provide carotenoids and can be considered additional source of vitamin A [24]. Comparison of HPLC chromatograms (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative and quantitative analysis of retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids out of various internal organs from different species by HPLC

et al. 2010

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We report the validation of a reversed-phase gradient HPLC method allowing simultaneous quantification of retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids in lung, liver and plasma of mouse, rat and guinea pig (gp) using a diode array detector. A significant species difference was observed regarding the distribution of retinol and retinyl esters. The levels of total retinol in lung, liver and plasma were in the following order: mouse >> rat > gp; rat >mouse > gp; and gp >> rat > mouse, respectively. Furthermore, comparison studies revealed similarities between the vitamin A profiles of human and gp lung samples.

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“…However, no retinoic acid isomer was found. As reported earlier, we could identify the presence of lutein in several tissues from guinea pig [6], but not in tissues from rat and mouse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 46%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids out of various internal organs from different species by HPLC

et al. 2010

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“…A previous study conducted with guinea pigs identified lutein in both eyes and liver after feeding the animals lutein at the supplemental level of 7.97 mg/kg diet [23]. Based on this result, we decided to use 0.1 g/100 g lutein to ensure not only the presence of this carotenoid in eye and liver but also to prove its protective effects on these tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lutein decreases oxidative stress and inflammation in liver and eyes of guinea pigs fed a hypercholesterolemic diet

et al. 2012

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Guinea pigs were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet (0.25 g/100 g cholesterol) and randomly allocated either to a Control group (n = 9) or to a Lutein (0.1 g/100 g) group (n = 10) for 12 weeks to evaluate oxidative stress and inflammation in both liver and eyes. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and inflammatory cytokines were measured as well as hepatic nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) binding. Lutein concentrations were greater in eyes (P < 0.01) and liver (P < 0.001) in the Lutein group. All guinea pigs had high concentrations of hepatic cholesterol as well as high plasma ALT and AST levels indicative of liver injury. However, the Lutein group had 43% lower hepatic free cholesterol than the Controls (P < 0.05). Hepatic MDA and MDA in the eye were lower in the Lutein compared to the Control group (P < 0.05). Hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α was 32% lower in the Lutein group (P < 0.05). Lastly, the Lutein group presented lower NF-κB DNA binding activity than the Control group (P < 0.001). These results suggest that in the presence of high cholesterol, lutein exerts both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which can be explained by attenuated NF-κB DNA binding activity. Furthermore, results also suggest that lutein accumulates in the eyes of guinea pigs to protect against oxidative stress.

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“…Ocular function (872) ; age-related macular degeneration (873) ; cataract (874) ; macular pigment density (875) ; antioxidant (871,876,877) ; CVD, stroke and lung cancer (862,863) ; skin protection (878) ; colon cancer (879) ; atherosclerosis (880) Zeaxanthin (xanthophyll family): Age-related macular degeneration (873) ; cataract (881) ; macular pigment density (875) ; antioxidant (871,876,877) ; CVD and stroke (cited in Anonymous (876) ); skin protection (878) ; lung cancer (862) b-Cryptoxanthin: Anabolic effects on bone components and bone loss/resorption (882,883) ; anti-proliferative/chemopreventive agent and lung cancer (863,884 -886) ; carcinogenesis (887) ; control of differentiation and apoptosis (888) ; antioxidant (cited in Castelao & Olmedilla (889) ) Phenolic acids: Antioxidant (890) ; insulin secretion (891) ; plasma glucose, insulin, cholesterol and TAG (cited in Slavin et al…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

2010

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Epidemiological studies have clearly shown that whole-grain cereals can protect against obesity, diabetes, CVD and cancers. The specific effects of food structure (increased satiety, reduced transit time and glycaemic response), fibre (improved faecal bulking and satiety, viscosity and SCFA production, and/or reduced glycaemic response) and Mg (better glycaemic homeostasis through increased insulin secretion), together with the antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties of numerous bioactive compounds, especially those in the bran and germ (minerals, trace elements, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and alkylresorcinols), are today well-recognised mechanisms in this protection. Recent findings, the exhaustive listing of bioactive compounds found in whole-grain wheat, their content in whole-grain, bran and germ fractions and their estimated bioavailability, have led to new hypotheses. The involvement of polyphenols in cell signalling and gene regulation, and of sulfur compounds, lignin and phytic acid should be considered in antioxidant protection. Whole-grain wheat is also a rich source of methyl donors and lipotropes (methionine, betaine, choline, inositol and folates) that may be involved in cardiovascular and/or hepatic protection, lipid metabolism and DNA methylation. Potential protective effects of bound phenolic acids within the colon, of the B-complex vitamins on the nervous system and mental health, of oligosaccharides as prebiotics, of compounds associated with skeleton health, and of other compounds such as a-linolenic acid, policosanol, melatonin, phytosterols and para-aminobenzoic acid also deserve to be studied in more depth. Finally, benefits of nutrigenomics to study complex physiological effects of the 'whole-grain package', and the most promising ways for improving the nutritional quality of cereal products are discussed. Whole-grain wheat: Bioactive compounds: Physiological mechanisms: Health IntroductionThere is growing evidence that whole-grain cereal products protect against the development of chronic diseases. The most important of these in terms of public health are obesity (1,2) , the metabolic syndrome (3,4) , type 2 diabetes (5,6) , CVD (7) and cancers (8 -12) . Whole-grain cereal consumption has also been shown to be protective against mortality, as was shown with inflammation-related death (i.e. noncardiovascular and non-cancer inflammatory diseases such as, for example, respiratory system diseases) (13) and with cancer and CVD (4,14,15) . These conclusions are supported by the effects of consuming refined cereal products (bread, pasta and rice), as these have been associated with an increased risk of digestive tract, pharynx, larynx and thyroid cancers in northern Italians (16) . However, an association between a lower risk of developing a chronic disease and a high whole-grain cereal consumption does not mean a direct causal relationship and provides no information about the physiological mechanisms involved.These metabolic diseases are related to our daily lifestyle, no...

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Identification of lutein, a dietary antioxidant carotenoid in guinea pig tissues

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids out of various internal organs from different species by HPLC

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids out of various internal organs from different species by HPLC

Lutein decreases oxidative stress and inflammation in liver and eyes of guinea pigs fed a hypercholesterolemic diet

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

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