Identification of lipid components of human serum lipoproteins involved in the inhibition of Sindbis virus infectivity, hemagglutination, and hemolysis

Abstract

Human serum high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were isolated and tested for their ability to inhibit Sindbis virus infectivity, hemagglutination and hemolysis. VLDL and LDL produced a strong reduction on both viral infectivity on Vero cell monolayers and attachment and fusion with erythrocytes, whereas HDL appeared to be only a weak inhibitor. Lipid and protein components were extracted from each class of lipoproteins to identify the molecules responsible for the inhibiting activity. Only the lipid moiety was found to inhibit Sindbis virus biological activities. Among the individual lipid components of lipoproteins, neutral lipids (cholesterol, oleic acid and palmitic acid) and negatively charged phospholipids (phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol) and glycolipids (GM 3 ganglioside and cerebroside sulphate) were able to neutralize the virus suggesting that either hydrophobic or electrostatic interactions are involved in the inhibition.

Constituents of Eriobotrya japonica. A Study of Their Antiviral Properties

“…Cells were frozen and thawed, fluids were clarified by centrifugation at low speed, and the supernatants were stored at -80°until use. The virus titer was estimated by plaque assay (21,22). Antiviral compounds.-The compounds were dissolved in absolute EtOH at 0.5-1 mg/ml.…”

Thematic review series: The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism mechanisms and consequences to the host

“…When lipoproteins were separated into lipid and protein components, it was found that neutralization of some viruses was attributable to lipid moieties, especially phospholipid and cholesterol (351,(357)(358)(359)(360). However, apolipoproteins also bind and inactivate viruses.…”