2006
DOI: 10.1037/0022-0663.89.2.327
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Identification of informal reasoning fallacies as a function of epistemological level, grade level, and cognitive ability.

Abstract: Informal reasoning fallacies are violations of critical discussion norms. As epistemological understanding of knowledge justification appears to underlie the informal reasoning skills of argument construction and evaluation, it was hypothesized that adolescents with greater epistemological sophistication would be more able to identify informal reasoning fallacies. It was hypothesized that 11th graders would be more epistemologically sophisticated than 7th or 9th graders and, thus, would more likely identify fa… Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(46 citation statements)
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References 57 publications
(125 reference statements)
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“…It should be noted that although evaluativism is seen as the endpoint of the developmental trajectory, attainment of this level, and of the ideal epistemological approach to argument is hardly universal, with some studies showing that it is typical only of those with some graduate school education (King & Kitchener, 1994;Kuhn, 1991;Weinstock & Cronin, 2003). However, other studies, using more age appropriate assessments, have found that by the end of high school a substantial number of students can be characterized as evaluativist (Chandler, Boyes, & Ball, 1990;Kuhn et al, 2000;Weinstock et al, 2006).…”
Section: Psychology Epistemology and Argumentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It should be noted that although evaluativism is seen as the endpoint of the developmental trajectory, attainment of this level, and of the ideal epistemological approach to argument is hardly universal, with some studies showing that it is typical only of those with some graduate school education (King & Kitchener, 1994;Kuhn, 1991;Weinstock & Cronin, 2003). However, other studies, using more age appropriate assessments, have found that by the end of high school a substantial number of students can be characterized as evaluativist (Chandler, Boyes, & Ball, 1990;Kuhn et al, 2000;Weinstock et al, 2006).…”
Section: Psychology Epistemology and Argumentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…because it is a way of constructing specific knowledge (Baker, 1999;Schwarz, 2009), because of its strong relationship to individuals' epistemological beliefs (Weinstock, Neuman, & Glassner, 2006;Weinstock, 2006), because it seems that argumentation is related to some informal reasoning mechanism that only becomes activated through the practice of argument (Means & Voss, 1996;Reznitskaya, et al, 2001), because of its connection to critical thinking (Kuhn, 2005), and finally because people seem to learn "better" when they argue (Baker, 2003;Leitao, 2000;Nussbaum & Sinatra, 2003).…”
Section: Perspectives On Argumentation In Educationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Το γεγονός αυτό καθιστά τις έρευνες που προτείνουν προγράμματα παρέμβασης σε μαθητές μικρής ηλικίας λιγότερες (Chen & Chang, 2008˙ Ferguson & Bråten, 2013• Kittleson, 2010˙ Smith et al, 2000• Zoupidis et al, 2016 και τις συγκρίσεις ανάμεσα στις κυρίαρχες προσεγγίσεις ελάχιστες, καταδεικνύοντας την ανάγκη για εντατικοποίηση της ερευνητικής προσπάθειας γύρω από το σχεδιασμό διδακτικών παρεμβάσεων στο μάθημα των Φυσικών Επιστημών, σε μαθητές μικρότερης ηλικίας. Παράλληλα, η ύπαρξη περιορισμένου αριθμού ερευνών που διερευνούν τη συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στη γνωστική ικανότητα και την επιστημολογική σκέψη (Feinkohl et al, 2016• Schommer & Dunnell, 1997• Weinstock, Neuman, & Glassner, 2006 αναδεικνύει την αναγκαιότητα για την πραγματοποίηση περαιτέρω ερευνών που να ενισχύουν αυτές τις ερευνητικές μαρτυρίες.…”
Section: αναγκαιότητα της παρούσας έρευναςunclassified
“…Αυτό το εύρημα σχετίζεται και με εκείνο των Weinstock et al (2006), οι οποίοι βρήκαν στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά στη γνωστική ικανότητα των μαθητών με διαφορετικά επίπεδα επιστημολογικών αντιλήψεων, αλλά και με την ερευνητική μαρτυρία που υποστηρίζει τη σχέση ανάμεσα στην επιστημολογική σκέψη και τη γνωστική ικανότητα (Feinkohl et al, 2016).…”
Section: η σχέση γνωστικής ικανότητας και επιστημολογικής σκέψηςunclassified