Identification of immune protective genes of Eimeria maxima through cDNA expression library screening

Yang, XinChao; Li, Menghui; Liu, Jianhua; Ji, Yihong; Li, Xiangrui; Xu, Lixin; Ren, Yan; Song, Xiaoling

doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2029-4

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Coccidiosis directly impacts animal health and welfare through its influence on the enteric microbiota and its effects on chicken health and production ( 3 ). Eimeria maxima are one of the most prevalent causes of coccidiosis ( 4 ). However, poultry is affected by seven different species of Eimeria ( E. tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. brunetti, E. mivati, E. mitis, E. hagani and E. praecox ) that invade the gastrointestinal tract causing considerable damage to the epithelial layer ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Eimeria maxima coccidia infection on gut microbiome diversity and composition of the jejunum and cecum of indigenous chicken

et al. 2022

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Coccidiosis is an economically significant protozoan disease and an intracellular parasite that significantly impacts poultry production. The gastrointestinal tract microbiota plays a central role in host health and metabolism, and these microbes enhance chickens’ immune systems and nutrient absorption. In this study, we analyzed the abundance and diversity of microbiota of the jejunum and cecum of a dual-purpose indigenous Horro chicken following Eimeria maxima infection. We compared microbial abundance, composition, and diversity at the 4- and 7- days post-infection using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We obtained, on average, 147,742 and 132,986 high-quality sequences per sample for jejunum and cecum content, respectively. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Campilobacterota and Bacteroidota were the major microbial phylum detected in the jejunum content. Firmicutes were the dominant phylum for 4- and 7-days jejunum control groups accounting for (>60% of the sequences). In the infected group Campilobacterota was the dominant phylum in the jejunum (> 24% of sequences) at 4-and 7-days post-infection groups, while Proteobacteria was predominant at 4- and 7-days post-infection of the cecum (> 40% of the sequences). The microbial genus Lactobacillus and Helicobacter were found in the jejunum, while Alistipes, Barnesiella and Faecalibacterium were detected in the cecum. In the jejunum, Helicobacter was dominant at 4 -and-7 days post-infection (≥24%), and Lactobacillus was dominant at 4 -and 7- days in the control group (> 50%). In 4- and 7-days post-infection, Alistipes genus was the more prevalent (> 38%) in the cecum. Thus, clear differences were observed in the bacterial microbiota distribution and abundance between the jejunum and cecum, as well as between infected and control groups for both tissues. The results indicate that chicken intestinal microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) is associated with Eimeria parasite infection and will likely affect the host-microbial non-pathogenic and pathogenic molecular interactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Eimeria maxima coccidia infection on gut microbiome diversity and composition of the jejunum and cecum of indigenous chicken

et al. 2022

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“…All these results indicated the practicality and potential of cDNA expression library technology. In our preliminary work, we constructed a cDNA expression library of E. maxima sporozoites ( 27 ). Through five rounds of cDNA library immunization, alongside detecting specific transcription factors of Th1 and Th2 cells and related cytokines after each immunization, we obtained a stimulating antigen of Th1 cytokines (EmARM-β) (unpublished results).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Eimeria maxima Antigen: Its Functions on Stimulating Th1 Cytokines and Protective Efficacy Against Coccidiosis

et al. 2022

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A consensus is that the Th1 immune response plays a predominant role against avian coccidiosis. Therefore, an antigen with the ability to induce Th1 cytokine responses is an ideal candidate for the development of coccidiosis vaccines. In our previous study, EmARM-β, a Th1 cytokines-stimulating antigen, was screened from the cDNA expression library of Eimeria maxima (E. maxima). Herein, we verified its stimulative effects on Th1 cytokine productions and evaluated its protective efficacy against E. maxima infection. Recombinant EmARM-β protein was expressed, and eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAX1-EmARM-β was also constructed for the immunization of birds. An immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect the native form of EmARM-β protein in the stage of sporozoites. Expressions of specific transcription factors and cytokines in immunized chickens were measured using qPCR and ELISA to verify its stimulating function on Th1 cytokines. Specific IgG antibody levels and T lymphocyte subpopulation in the immunized chickens were detected using ELISA and indirect flow cytometry to determine induced immune responses. The results showed that EmARM-β native protein is massively expressed in the sporozoites stage of E. maxima. Effective stimulation from the EmARM-β antigen to T-bet and Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) was observed in vivo. After being immunized with rEmARM-β or pVAX1-EmARM-β, significant promotion to the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and the level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies in immunized chickens was also observed. Furthermore, vaccination with rEmARM-β antigen or pVAX1-EmARM-β resulted in alleviated weight loss and enteric lesion, reduced oocyst output, and higher anticoccidial index (ACI) in challenged birds. These results indicate that EmARM-β antigen can effectively stimulate the expression of Th1 cytokines and initiate host immune responses, providing moderate protective efficacy against E. maxima. Notably, EmARM-β protein is a promising candidate for developing a novel anticoccidial vaccine.

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“…This strategy is based on immunization with plasmid DNA incorporating the whole genome split into small fragments. However, ELI is limited to the study of genes that can be expressed in eukaryotic cells, and it also demands animal models which are suitable for screening purposes (Barry et al 2004;Talaat and Stemke-Hale 2005;Yang et al 2017).…”

Section: Genomics Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced strategies for development of vaccines against human bacterial pathogens

Sharma

Sanduja

Anand

et al. 2021

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Infectious diseases are one of the main grounds of death and disabilities in human beings globally. Lack of effective treatment and immunization for many deadly infectious diseases and emerging drug resistance in pathogens underlines the need to either develop new vaccines or sufficiently improve the effectiveness of currently available drugs and vaccines. In this review, we discuss the application of advanced tools like bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics and associated techniques for a rational vaccine design.

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Identification of immune protective genes of Eimeria maxima through cDNA expression library screening

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of Eimeria maxima coccidia infection on gut microbiome diversity and composition of the jejunum and cecum of indigenous chicken

Influence of Eimeria maxima coccidia infection on gut microbiome diversity and composition of the jejunum and cecum of indigenous chicken

An Eimeria maxima Antigen: Its Functions on Stimulating Th1 Cytokines and Protective Efficacy Against Coccidiosis

Advanced strategies for development of vaccines against human bacterial pathogens

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