Advanced strategies for development of vaccines against human bacterial pathogens

Sharma, Abhinay; Sanduja, Pooja; Anand, Aparna; Mahajan, Pooja; Guzmán, Carlos A.; Yadav, P. S.; Awasthi, Amit; Hanski, Emanuel; Dua, Meenakshi; Johri, Atul Kumar

doi:10.1007/s11274-021-03021-6

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…New approaches to vaccine formulation and development are being discovered at the genomics and proteomics level of pathogens (Khatoon, N et al, 2018; Sharma, A et al, 2021). Using immunoinformatics, multi-epitope-based vaccinations are a cutting-edge method for eliciting a targeted immune response while preventing reactions to additional, potentially harmful epitope antigens (Moise L et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring B-cell derived T-cell receptor induced multi epitope-based vaccine candidate against enterovirus 71 (EV 71): A reverse vaccinology approach

Swain

Panda

Sahu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In addition to Coxsackie virus (CV), another pathogen that causes Hand-foot and mouth disease (HFMD), Enterovirus 71 (EV 71) is currently regarded as an increasing neurotropic virus in Asia and can cause severe complications in paediatric patients with blister like sores or rashes on the hand, feet and mouth. Not withstanding the significant burden of the disease, few treatments are currently available, and there is no authorised vaccine available for the disease prevention. Several vaccinations based on attenuated and inactivated vaccines have previously been identified, however they become worthless over time owing to changes in the viral genome. As a result, the goal of the study is to create an immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology pipeline for predicting a multi epitope vaccine. A novel vaccine construct using B-cell derived T-cell epitopes from the virulent polyprotein and found the induction of possible immune response, in order to boost the immune system, aBeta-defensin 1 preproprotein adjuvant with EAAAK linker was added at the N-terminal end of the vaccine sequence. The immunogenicity of the designed, refined, and verified prospective 3D- structure of multi-epitope vaccine was found to be quite high with non-allergen, and antigenic property. The vaccine candidates bound to the TLR-3 in a molecular docking analysis and the efficacy of the potential vaccine to generate a strong immune response was assessed by means of an in silico immunological simulation. Computational analysis has shown that the proposed multi epitope vaccine possibility safe for use in humans and elicit an immune response, making it a promising tool against HFMD viral genome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring B-cell derived T-cell receptor induced multi epitope-based vaccine candidate against enterovirus 71 (EV 71): A reverse vaccinology approach

Swain

Panda

Sahu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The developmental process of vaccines requires significant expenditure of labor and a high price; however, immunoinformatic approaches reduce this burden. Presently, researchers are finding methods for producing and developing vaccines from the genomics or proteomics level of pathogens [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatics Approach to Design Multi-Epitope-Based Vaccine against Machupo Virus Taking Viral Nucleocapsid as a Potential Candidate

Naveed

Makhdoom²,

Ali³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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The family members of Arenaviridae include members of the genus Machupo virus, which have bi-segmented negative sense RNA inside the envelope and can be transferred to humans through rodent carriers. Machupo virus, a member of the mammarenavirus genus, causes Bolivian hemorrhage fever, its viral nucleocapsid protein being a significant virulence factor. Currently, no treatment is available for Bolivian hemorrhage fever and work to develop a protective as well as post-diagnosis treatment is underway. Adding to these efforts, this study employed a reverse-vaccinology approach to design a vaccine with B and T-cell epitopes of the viral nucleocapsid protein of the Machupo virus. Five B-cell specific, eight MHC-I restricted, and 14 MHC-II restricted epitopes were finalized for the construct based on an antigenicity score of >0.5 and non-allergenicity as a key characteristic. The poly-histidine tag was used to construct an immunogenic and stable vaccine construct and 50S ribosomal 46 protein L7/L12 adjuvant with linkers (EAAAK, GPGPG, and AYY). It covers 99.99% of the world’s population, making it highly efficient. The physicochemical properties like the aliphatic index (118.31) and the GRAVY index (0.302) showed that the vaccine is easily soluble. The overall Ramachandran score of the construct was 90.7%, and the instability index was 35.13, endorsing a stable structure. The immune simulations demonstrated a long-lasting antibody response even after the excretion of the antigen from the body in the first 5 days of injection. The IgM + IgG titers were predicted to rise to 6000 10 days post-injection and were illustrated to be stable (around 3000) after a month, elucidating that the vaccine would be effective and provide enduring protection. Lastly, the molecular interaction between the construct and the IKBKE receptor was significant and a higher eigenfactor value in MD simulations confirmed the stable molecular interaction between the receptor and the vaccine, validating our construct.

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“…These criteria include the need for targets that (a) are expressed and accessible to the host immune system, or a therapeutic agent during disease; (b) are conserved genetically; (c) exhibit survival and pathogenesis significance; and (d) demonstrate no similarity to various other attributes of the host. Previous decades have seen significant advances in the application of genomic technology that has led to new vaccine development strategies against major human pathogenic bacteria such as intracellular bacterial pathogens ( Figure 1 ) [ 22 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Genomics Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Genomics-Based Approaches for the Development of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen Vaccines

et al. 2022

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Infectious diseases continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The majority of infectious diseases are caused by intracellular pathogenic bacteria (IPB). Historically, conventional vaccination drives have helped control the pathogenesis of intracellular bacteria and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, saving millions of lives. However, in light of various limitations, many diseases that involve IPB still do not have adequate vaccines. In response to increasing demand for novel vaccine development strategies, a new area of vaccine research emerged following the advent of genomics technology, which changed the paradigm of vaccine development by utilizing the complete genomic data of microorganisms against them. It became possible to identify genes related to disease virulence, genetic patterns linked to disease virulence, as well as the genetic components that supported immunity and favorable vaccine responses. Complete genomic databases, and advancements in transcriptomics, metabolomics, structural genomics, proteomics, immunomics, pan-genomics, synthetic genomics, and population biology have allowed researchers to identify potential vaccine candidates and predict their effects in patients. New vaccines have been created against diseases for which previously there were no vaccines available, and existing vaccines have been improved. This review highlights the key issues and explores the evolution of vaccines. The increasing volume of IPB genomic data, and their application in novel genome-based techniques for vaccine development, were also examined, along with their characteristics, and the opportunities and obstacles involved. Critically, the application of genomics technology has helped researchers rapidly select and evaluate candidate antigens. Novel vaccines capable of addressing the limitations associated with conventional vaccines have been developed and pressing healthcare issues are being addressed.

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Advanced strategies for development of vaccines against human bacterial pathogens

Cited by 6 publications

References 100 publications

Inferring B-cell derived T-cell receptor induced multi epitope-based vaccine candidate against enterovirus 71 (EV 71): A reverse vaccinology approach

Inferring B-cell derived T-cell receptor induced multi epitope-based vaccine candidate against enterovirus 71 (EV 71): A reverse vaccinology approach

Immunoinformatics Approach to Design Multi-Epitope-Based Vaccine against Machupo Virus Taking Viral Nucleocapsid as a Potential Candidate

Recent Advances in Genomics-Based Approaches for the Development of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen Vaccines

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